急性力竭运动模型大鼠鱼腥草素干预后的肾滤过屏障变化

背景：大强度急性力竭运动过程中，机体既要承受由于运动强度的增加内脏血流急骤下降的“运动性缺血”，同时随着运动进行，能源物质耗蝎、代谢产物堆积及氧化应激等因素致使机体出现病理损伤，导致机体运动能力下降，那么，其对肾滤过屏障有何影响?肾组织将如何适应其变化?鱼腥草具有清热解毒、利尿通淋、止血、祛痰止咳、镇痛等多种功能，是否对急性力竭运动引起的肾损伤有保护作用及其机制尚未见有文献报道。目的：探索急性力竭运动对大鼠肾滤过屏障的影响及鱼腥草素的干预作用。方法：SD大鼠静养与观察3 d，在速度为10 m/min坡度为0°的跑台上进行适应性跑15 min，筛选出24只能完成跑的大鼠，按体质量分层随机分为正常对照组，力竭运动组和运动给药组，各8只。力竭运动组和运动给药组在坡度为10°的动物跑台上进行的一次性力竭运动；运动给药组在运动前30 min腹腔注射鱼腥草素10 mL/kg；正常对照组大鼠不运动。结果与结论：与正常对照组比，力竭运动组大鼠血清尿素氮、血清肌酐、尿蛋白含量、丙二醛浓度、肾细胞凋亡率及凋亡指数显著增加，肾组织一氧化氮含量和一氧化氮合酶活性明显下降(P < 0.05或0.01)，肾小球滤过上皮细胞、基膜及足细胞的肾滤过屏障损害明显，见大量细胞凋亡，偶见坏死；与力竭运动组比，运动给药组大鼠尿蛋白含量、血清肌酐、丙二醛浓度、肾细胞凋亡率及凋亡指数显著下降，肾组织一氧化氮含量和一氧化氮合酶活性明显增加(P < 0.05)，肾组织未见明显病理改变，可见细胞凋亡。提示鱼腥草素可使力竭运动诱导的肾细胞损伤减少，考虑可能与凋亡显著减少；并可使一氧化氮合酶含量增加、丙二醛下降及超氧化物歧化酶明显增高有关，从而对力竭运动诱导大鼠肾组织损伤起保护作用。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：肾移植；肝移植；移植；心脏移植；组织移植；皮肤移植；皮瓣移植；血管移植；器官移植；组织工程全文链接：

Changes in glomerular filtration barrier in rat models of acute exhaustive exercise after intervention with sodium houttuyfonate

BACKGROUND:In high-intensity exhaustive exercise process, the body must bear the exercise intensity decreasing splanchnic blood flow “ischemia”, at the same time, along with the movement of energy and material consumption, metabolite accumulation and oxidative stress in the body cause pathological damage, leading to a decline in exercise capacity. Thus, what is the impact on kidney filtration barrier? How to adapt to the change of renal tissue? Houttuynia cordata has the functions of heat clearing and detoxifying, dieresis for treating strangurtia, hemostatic, expelling phlegm to arrest coughing and analgesia, if it has a protective effect on the renal injury caused by acute exhaustive exercise and its mechanism has not been reported in the literature. OBJECTIVE:To explore the effect of acute exhaustive exercise on kidney filtration barrier in rats and the intervention effect of Houttuynia cordata. METHODS:After resting and watching for 3 days, Sprague-Dawley rats received adaptive running for 15 minutes at a speed of 10 m/min on a 0° treadmill. A total of 24 rats, which can finish the running, were selected. They were divided into normal control group, exhaustive exercise group and dosed exhaustive exercise group according to the weight of layer (n=8). Rats in the exhaustive exercise group and dosed exhaustive exercise group on the 10° treadmill received once exhaustive exercise. Dosed exhaustive exercise group received intraperitoneal injection of sodium houttuyfonate 10 mL/kg at 30 minutes before exercises. The normal control group did not do any exercise.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the normal control group, serum urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, urine protein content, malondialdehyde concentration, renal cell apoptosis and apoptosis index were significantly increased, but nitric oxide content and nitric oxide synthase activity in the renal tissue were significantly deceased in the exhaustive exercise group (P < 0.05 or 0.01). Glomerular filtration epithelial cells, the kidney filtration barrier of basement membrane and podocyte damage were obvious, showing abundant cell apoptosis, occasionally necrosis. Compared with the exhaustive exercise group, urine protein content, serum creatinine, malondialdehyde concentration, renal cell apoptosis and apoptosis index were significantly reduced, but nitric oxide content and nitric oxide synthase activity were significantly increased in the dosed exhaustive exercise group (P < 0.05). No obvious pathological changes were detected, but apoptosis was visible. These findings confirmed that houttuynine made a reduction in renal cell injury induced by exhaustive exercise and possibly significantly reduced apoptosis, increased nitric oxide synthase content, decreased malonaldehyde, and apparently increased superoxide dismutase activity, and finally protected injured renal tissue induced by exhaustive exercise.