踝关节三维有限元生物力学研究的临床转化

背景：踝关节是人体的负重、足部压力的缓冲和人体与地面接触的枢纽，极易受到损伤；骨科生物力学领域的研究不断成熟和发展，利用三维有限元软件建模分析踝关节生物力学并研究临床疾病逐渐成为研究热点。目的：探讨踝关节三维有限元生物力学的研究现状，并对其临床研究进展作一综述。方法：应用计算机检索CNKI期刊全文数据库和PubMed数据库中1986年1月至2014年3月关于踝关节有限元的文章，以“踝关节、有限元、生物力学、力学研究”或“ankle, finite element, biomechanics, mechanics research”为检索词进行检索；排除与研究目的无关和内容重复的文献；保留47篇文献进行综述。结果与结论：踝关节生物力学机制复杂，各种损伤后都可能打破其周围结构的力学平衡而导致不稳定，诱发创伤性关节炎。踝关节三维有限元模型可准确反映解剖学结构特点、虚拟仿真可以再现手术方式及过程逼真的模拟，模拟压缩、拉伸、弯曲、扭转、抗疲劳等力学实验，并从静态的生物力学转向动态的方向研究，为分析临床疾病进而找到更合适的诊治方案。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程全文链接：

Clinical transformation of ankle joint biomechanics analyzed by three-dimensional finite element

BACKGROUND:Ankle joint is a center of body weight, foot pressure buffering and human contact with the ground and easily gets injury. The study of orthopedic biomechanics continues to mature and develop. Models were established with three-dimensional finite element software to analyze ankle biomechanics and to study clinical diseases, which gradually become a hot research topic.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the current status of three-dimensional finite element analysis of biomechanics in the ankle and to review the clinical research progress. METHODS:China National Knowledge Infrastructure and PubMed (from January 1986 to March 2014) were used to search the related finite element articles about ankle. The retrieval words included ankle, finite element, biomechanics and mechanics research. After excluding objective-independent papers or repeated articles, 47 papers were included for further analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Ankle joint complex biomechanics mechanism and variety of injury could break mechanics balance of its surrounding structure and lead to instability and traumatic arthritis. Ankle’s three-dimensional finite element model can accurately reflect anatomical structure and virtual simulation can reappear the operation method in the simulation biomechanics experiment, such as compression, tension, bending, torsion and anti-fatigue mechanics. It makes the direction of the research from biomechanics of static to dynamic, which finds a more suitable solution to diagnose and treat clinical diseases.