单侧全髋关节置换后遗症期的下肢步态参数

背景：全髋关节置换可以为患者缓解疼痛、恢复步行功能，数年后步态是否能达到正常化仍存在争议。 目的：分析单侧髋关节置换后遗症期患者平地步行中下肢的时空参数特征，探讨患者步行能力。 方法：根据运动重建实验室检测病例数据库资料分析的方法，选择全髋关节置换后5-10年的患者14例为实验组，14例相匹配的健康人为对照组。采用Vicon Nexus采集患者平地步行时下肢的步态参数，应用Polygon分析步态周期中下肢时空参数特征。 结果与结论：与对照组相比，实验组术侧和健侧步速减慢，步频减小，步幅、跨步长变短，双支撑相延长，对侧足离地比增大(P < 0.05)；术侧跨步时间、单步时间增大(P < 0.05)；健侧足离地比增大(P < 0.05)。术侧与健侧比较，各时空参数差异均无显著性意义(P > 0.05)。结果表明全髋关节置换后5-10年的患者步态对称性较好，但仍没有达到正常水平，步行能力差于正常人，需要系统康复训练以恢复其步行能力。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：人工关节；骨植入物；脊柱；骨折；内固定；数字化骨科；组织工程全文链接：

Gait parameters in lower extremities of patients in sequela period after unilateral total hip arthroplasty

BACKGROUND: Total hip arthroplasty is known to be a successful surgical procedure to alleviate hip pain and to regain gait ability, but there are many debates on whether patients’ gait could reach a normal level several years later. OBJECTIVE: To investigate spatiotemporal parameter characters of lower extremities in patients during walking in sequela period following unilateral total hip arthroplasty, and to probe into patients’ walking abilities. METHODS: In accordance with the method of Case Database Data Analysis detected by Motion Reconstruction Laboratory, 14 patients at 5-10 years after total hip arthroplasty served as the experimental group, and 14 matched healthy persons served as the control group. Gait parameters of lower extremities during walking were collected by Vicon Nexus. Spatiotemporal parameter characters of lower extremities during gait cycle were analyzed by using Polygon. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group, walking speed, cadence, stride length and step length decreased, but double support and opposite foot off increased on both affected and unaffected sides in the experimental group (P < 0.05). Both stride time and step time of the operated lower extremities increased (P < 0.05). Foot off of non-operated lower extremities increased (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in all spatiotemporal parameters between operated and non-operated lower extremities (P > 0.05). The results suggested that gaits of patients showed good gait symmetry at 5-10 years after surgery. However, they do not reach the level that observed in healthy subjects, and walking ability was poorer than normal persons. Systematic rehabilitation training is needed to improve walking ability.