贵阳市南明区重性精神疾病流行病学调查

目的 了解贵阳市南明区重性精神疾病的患病率和分布特点，为开展重性精神疾病的社区防治和康复工作提供依据。方法 以精神与行为障碍分类（ICD-10）和中国精神障碍分类与诊断标准第三版（CCMD-3）为诊断标准，对南明区常住人口进行线索和整群调查，按照村、居委会、小区逐个摸底排查，共排查出重性精神疾病患者1 289例。结果 南明区重性精神疾病患病率为2.237‰，以精神分裂症为主（1.311‰），其次为精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍（0.885‰）；男性重性精神疾病患病率（2.883‰）明显高于女性（1.774‰），差异有统计学意义（χ²=74.498，P=0.000）；农村居民重性精神疾病患病率（3.246‰）高于城市居民（2.214‰），差异有统计学意义（χ²=26.669，P=0.000）；重性精神疾病以36~45岁年龄居民多见，占30.11%，职业以下岗或无业者为主，占45.31%，婚姻以未婚为主，占56.09%。结论 精神分裂症、精神发育迟滞伴发精神障碍和癫痫所致精神障碍患病率居前三位，以上疾病是贵阳市南阳区重性精神疾病防治和研究的重点。

Epidemiologic analysis on serious mental diseases in residents of Nanming district of Guiyang city

Objective To analyze the prevalence rate and distribution characteristics of serious mental illness in the residents of Nanming district of Guiyang city, and to provide a basis for prevention and rehabilitation of major mental illness in communities.Methods A survey on serious mental diseases was carried out among permanent community residents in Nanming district of Guiyang city with cluster sampling and case-finding.International Statistical Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems, 10th Revision(ICD-10)and Chinese Classification and Diagnostic Criteria of Mental Disorders, 3th Revision(CCMD-3)were adopted as diagnostic criteria in the survey.Results Totally 1 289 serious mental disease patients were identified, with an overall prevalence rate of 2.237‰, and the prevalence rates of 1.311‰ for schizophrenia and of 0.885‰ for mental retardation accompanied with mental disorders.The prevalence of serious mental illness in the males(2.883%) was higher than in the females(1.774‰), with a statistically significant difference(χ²=74.498, P=0.000);the prevalence rate of serious mental illness in rural residents(3.246‰)was higher than that in urban residents(2.214‰)and the difference was statistically significant(χ²=26.669, P=0.000).The severe mental illness was more prevalent among the residents aged 36-45 years, acounting for 30.11% of all cases.Among the patients diagnosed, 45.31% were laid-off employees or the unemployed and 56.09% were unmarried.Conclusion Schizophrenia, mental retardation accompanied with mental disorders, and epilepsy are major diseases for serious mental disease preveation among residents in Nanming district of Guiyang city.