磷酸钙骨水泥复合骨形态发生蛋白6和血管内皮生长因子修复骨缺损

背景：单独将骨形态发生蛋白或血管内皮生长因子植入体内易被血液冲刷掉而不能最大限度发挥诱导成骨和血管生成作用，同时缺少载体的支撑作用。 目的：观察骨形态发生蛋白6、血管内皮生长因子及磷酸钙骨水泥联合应用在骨缺损修复过程中的作用。 方法：制作新西兰兔双侧股骨内侧髁骨缺损模型，左侧分别植入磷酸钙骨水泥/骨形态发生蛋白6/血管内皮生长因子、磷酸钙骨水泥/骨形态发生蛋白6及磷酸钙骨水泥，右侧不植入任何物质作为空白对照。植入8，16周通过硬组织切片组织学观察、电镜扫描等手段观察新骨形成情况。 结果与结论：各组材料的组织相容性良好，未见明显炎症组织反应。植入8周时，磷酸钙骨水泥/骨形态发生蛋白6/血管内皮生长因子组骨水泥-骨组织交界处基本上被新生骨小梁包绕，材料进一步降解，新生骨小梁表面可见大量活跃的成骨细胞；16周时，新生骨小梁继续长入，进一步增长、增粗、增多，有大量新生编织骨成网格状长入材料中，骨水泥材料降解明显，与周围组织结合紧密，降解与骨长入同步，此组不同时间点成骨速度及成骨效果均明显优于其他两组材料(P < 0.05)。表明3种材料联合应用可协同促进骨缺损修复。中国组织工程研究杂志出版内容重点：生物材料；骨生物材料; 口腔生物材料; 纳米材料; 缓释材料; 材料相容性；组织工程全文链接：

Effect of calcium phosphate cement/bone morphogenetic protein 6/vascular endothelial growth factor in bone defect repair

BACKGROUND: Implantation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) or vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) alone, without support vectors, is easy to be flushed away by the blood flow, and thus limits the osteogenesis and angiogenesis. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effects of combination of calcium phosphate cement (CPC), BMP-6/VEGF in bone defect repair. METHODS: Defect models of the bilateral medial femoral condyle were prepared in New Zealand white rabbits. Then, the medial femoral condyle was filled with CPC/BMP-6/VEGF, CPC/BMP-6, and CPC, respectively, in the left side, but nothing in the right side as control. After 8 and 16 weeks of implantation, the hard tissue slices were prepared for histological observation and scanning electron microscope observation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: All three kinds of materials showed good biocompatibility, and no obvious inflammation was found. After 8 weeks of implantation, the junction of the CPC/BMP-6/VEGF and bone tissue was almost completely covered by newly formed trabecular bone. With the development of cement degradation, abundant osteoblasts could be found in the surface of newborn trabecular bone. After 16 weeks of implantation, an ongoing cement degradation and bone formation was seen. Moreover, newly formed bone tissue increased and became thicker. The cement in the interface was separated into small pieces and closely interconnected with the surrounding tissues, and newly formed bone showed a mesh-like ingrowth into the cement. This newly formed bone was mature and could not be distinguished from the original trabecular bone. Both the degradation and osteogenesis of CPC and CPC/BMP-6 were much slower than that of CPC/BMP-6/VEGF (P < 0.05). This study demonstrates angiogenesis and osteogenesis in vivo through the additive effects of VEGF and BMP-6. CPC/BMP-6/VEGF can be an ideal bone substitute in bone repair.