不同钙、铁、锌水平对大鼠营养状况及生殖机能影响的研究

目的：研究喂养边缘缺乏水平和充裕水平钙、铁、锌含量的饲料对大鼠生长发育，营养状况及生殖机能的影响，并探讨三种营养素间的相互作用。方法：采用三因素两水平的正交设计，将四周龄Ｗｉｓｔａｒ雌性大鼠按体重随机分成８组，分别饲以不同钙、铁、锌含量的饲料，１６周后与正常雄鼠合笼交配。以发现阴栓日计为妊娠第０天，妊娠第２０天时处死孕鼠并剥离胎盘和胎鼠，测定各项指标。结果：饲料中不同钙、铁、锌水平对大鼠营养状况有显著影响。大鼠血清铁水平分别受饲料钙、铁水平独立作用的影响，血清锌水平分别受饲料铁、锌水平独立作用的影响，饲料中铁、锌水平及钙与铁的交互作用对大鼠血清碱性磷酸酶的活性有显著影响，红细胞游离原卟啉（ＦＥＰ）含量受饲料铁水平及钙与铁交互作用的影响，饲料中不同钙、铁、锌水平对大鼠血红蛋白含量无显著影响。饲料中不同钙、铁、锌水平对母鼠生殖机能未见显著影响。结论：边缘缺乏水平的钙、铁、锌对大鼠的生殖机能无显著影响，但对大鼠营养状况有直接影响，导致体内营养素储备降低，尤其是处于边缘缺乏水平的铁和锌更容易受到饲料中其它元素的影响而加剧营养缺乏。

EFFECT OF DIFFERENT LEVELS OF Ca,Fe,Zn IN DIET ON THE NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND REPRODUCTION OF FEMALE RATS

Objective:To determine the effects of feeding marginal and adequate levels of Ca(2500mg/kg and 5000mg/kg)in combination with marginal or adequate Fe(30mg/kg and 100mg/kg)or Zn(10mg/kg and 30mg/kg)on the growth, nutritional status and reproduction of female rats, and the interactions among them were also investigated. Method:According to the factorial experiment design for three factors and two levels,four week old weanling female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 8 groups by body weight.These rats were fed with their experimental diets for 16 weeks, and then mated with normal adult male rats.The day on which the plugs were found was designated day 0 of pregnancy.On day 20,i.e.the day before parturition,the animals were weighed and then killed. Result:The different levels of Ca,Fe,Zn in diet had no significant effect on growth,but had significant effect on the nutritional status.Alteration in dietary levels of Ca and Fe independently affected serum iron,and alteration in dietary levels of Fe and Zn independently affected serum Zinc.The independent effects of Fe and Zn had significant effect on serum alkaline phosphatase activity and the interaction between Ca and Fe was confirmed. FEP was affected by an independent effect of Fe and interaction between Ca and Fe in the diet.No significant effects of the different levels of Ca,Fe,Zn on hemaglobin and reproduction of female rats were observed.Conclusion:The present study indicates that the different levels of Ca,Fe,Zn in diet have a direct effect on the nutritional status of female rats. Especially Fe and Zn status are easily affected when they are in marginal deficient levels, and can be aggravated further.