成人拔毛癖临床表现、皮肤镜特征和精神应激状态

目的:明确成人拔毛癖临床表现、皮肤镜特征和精神应激状态。方法:分析15例成人拔毛癖患者临床资料及皮肤镜特征,应用应激事件量表计算压力积分值并与17例斑秃及15例正常人进行比较。结果:15例拔毛癖患者中女10例,男5例,年龄18~51岁,平均35.67岁。拔发部位头顶部7例、颞部3例、枕部3例及额部2例。成人拔毛癖患者精神压力积分为98.33±11.23,高于正常成人的51.47±15.40(P0.05)。成人拔毛癖患者精神压力积分与斑秃患者(92.35±14.86)比较,无统计学意义(P0.05)。成人拔毛癖皮肤镜征象表现为黑点征14例(93.3%),断发13例(87.7%),新生短发、毳毛增多10例(66.7%),黄点征5例(33.3%)。结论:最常见拔发部位为头顶部,精神压力高于正常人,成人拔毛癖皮肤镜最常见特征为黑点征和断发。

Features of clinical manifestations and dermoscope,and mental stress scale among the adult patients with trichotillomania

Objective:To determine the features of clinical manifestations and dermoscope, and to meas-ure the mental stress scale among the adult patients with trichotillomania. Methods:The data of clinical fea-tures and dermoscopy digital image was analyzed in 15 adult patients with trichotillomania. The stress of 15 a-dult patients with trichotillomania, 17 patients with alopecia and 15 normal controls was assessed by Stress E-vents Scale. Results:Out of the 15 patients 10 patients were female and 5 were male. The age of the patients was from 18 to 51 years old and the average age was 35.67 years. The skin lesions were on the parietal region in 7 patients, on the tempus in 3, on the occipitalia area in 3 and on the frontal area in 2. The stress scale of the patients with trichotillomania was 98.33±11.23, which was higher than that of healthy controls (51.47± 15.40), with a significant difference (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the stress scale be-tween the patients with trichotillomania and the patients with alopecia (92.35±14.86). The dermoscopy digital image revealed black dots in 14 patients (93.3%), broken hairs black in 13 (87.7%), clustered short vellus hairs in 10 (66.7%) and yellow dots in 5. Conclusion:The most common site of the lesion is located in pari-etal region. The mental stress score of the patients with trichotillomania was higher than that of healthy con-trols. The common features under dermoscopy were black dots and broken hairs.