自然流产中的早孕期蜕膜细胞Bcl-2 /Bax 比例异常

探讨早孕期蜕膜细胞细胞凋亡异常与妊娠失败的关系。应用TUNEL法测定凋亡的发生及凋亡细胞的定位，免疫组化法检测Bcl-2、Bax蛋白的表达和相互关系。结果发现：（1）正常早孕40d蜕膜组织细胞大量凋亡，Bcl-2蛋白表达量较低，Bax蛋白有较强表达。（2）正常早孕50d，凋亡细胞明显减少，Bcl-2的表达显著增强，Bax蛋白表达减弱。（3）早孕50d自然流产组，蜕膜组织大量凋亡，与同时期正常蜕膜组织相比，P＜0．01。Bcl-2蛋白表达明显降低，Bax蛋白表达明显增强，Bcl-2/Bax比例降低。早孕期蜕膜组织凋亡异常可能是自然流产的机制之一，Bcl-2/Bax途径可能是诱导早孕期蜕膜细胞凋亡的重要因素。

The relationship between abnormal ratio of Bcl-2/Bax in decidua and spontaneous abortion in early gestational period

To investigate the relationship of abnormal apoptosis of decidua and failure of pregnancy in human early gestational period.The extent of DNA breakdown of apoptotic cells were assessed by using an in site terminal transferase reaction to label free 3' ends of the DNA.The expression of Bcl 2 and Bax in the deciduas at various stages were examined by immunohistochemical staining with specific polyclonal antibodies.(1)About 40 days of gestation,there were evident apoptosis in decidual tissues. The Bcl 2 expression was low and Bax was strongly expressed in decidua.(2) About 50 days of gestation, there were a few apoptotic cells in the decidua.The Bcl 2 expression increased greatly,the expression of Bax decreased.(3) More apoptotic cells were present in decidual tissue of spontaneous abortion about 50 days of gestation. Bax protein was stimulated and Bcl 2 protein was inhibited. The ratio of Bcl 2/Bax was depressed compared with the ratio of Bcl 2/Bax of normal decidua at the same period. To break the regulation of decidual apoptosis may directly or indirectiy results in spontaneous abortion during early gestation. The channel of Bcl 2/Bax systems may be one of the mechanisms of abortion decidua apoptosis.