抑郁症与焦虑症患者三种认知电位的随访比较

目的 探讨抑郁症与焦虑症患者关联性负变(CNV)、P300和失匹性负波(MMN)异常的意义。方法 应用美国Nicolet Spirit脑诱发电位仪，采用光和声成对刺激以及听觉靶-非靶刺激序列技术，检测44例抑郁症，32例焦虑症患者和28名正常对照组的CNV、P300和MMN。对其中21例抑郁症和18例焦虑症患者于治疗2．5月时进行CNV、P300和MMN随访。结果 1．与正常对照组相比，两病例组在发病期CNV-M，波幅降低、P300-P3靶潜伏期延长、波幅降低；MMN潜伏期延长和波幅降低。2．缓解期随访仅抑郁症组P300-P3潜伏期和MMN潜伏期及CNV-M，波幅异常仍较明显，抑郁症组P3波幅和MMN波幅与对照组间的差异无显著性。焦虑症组CNV-M1波幅、P300-P3潜伏期和波幅、MMN潜伏期与对照组间的差异也无显著性。结论 抑郁症P300-P3潜伏期和MMN潜伏期延长具有一定跨状态稳定性，而在焦虑症则与临床状态有关。

Three Cognitive Potentials of Depression and Anxiety Disorders:A Follow-up Study

Objective To investigate the variations of contingent negative variations (CNV), P300 and mismatch negativity (MMN) in depression and anxiety disorders. Methods CNV,P300 and MMN were recorded from 44 depressive patients using Nicolet Spirit Instrument, and was compared with 32 anxiety patients and 28 normal controls ( NC ). Twenty - one depressive patients and 18 anxiety patients were followed up by 2.5 months with the same evoked potentials. Results 1. Compared with NC,all patients in acute episodes showed decreased Ml of CNV amplitude, delayed P3 latency, decreased P3 amplitude of P300, delayed MMN latency and decreased MMN amplitude ;2. The follow - up study of evoked potentials revaled that abnormal P3 of P300 and MMN latencies are significant between depressed patients in remission status and NC group but not P3 of P300 and MMN amplitudes; M1 of CNV, P3 of P300 amplitudes, P3 of P300 and MMN latencies were not significant between anxiety patients in remission and the NC group. Conclusion Delayed P3 of P300 and MMN latencies in depression show state and trait markers, while those variations in anxiety correlate with clinical status.