龙岩市2008-2009年手足口病疫情动态监测分析

目的了解龙岩市2008-2009年手足口病流行特征及病原学特点,为防控提供依据。方法用《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》的监测报告卡信息和实验室检测数据,用SPSS17.0软件包分析。结果 2008-2009年手足口病年均发病率为47.23/10万;病例地区分布以新罗区为主,占51.32%,报告发病率为119.29/10万;年龄以5岁以下为主;性别为男女1.74∶1;季节存在5~7月和9~12月两个高峰。病原学监测结果提示,2008-2009年7个县(市、区)均监测到EV71;2008年4月前所有阳性标本均为CoxA 16,2008年6月-2009年6月均为EV71,2009年7月以后则出现CoxA16和EV71并存现象,但CoxA16所占的比例呈上升趋势,EV71所占比例呈下降趋势。结论龙岩市手足口病发病有一定的地域集中性和季节性,以5岁以下儿童为主,流行病原存在CoxA16和EV71交替或共存现象,今后一段时期总体疫情将趋于温和,但EV71引起的局部暴发流行、出现重症或死亡病例的可能仍不能排除,提示仍需提高防范意识,对重点地区、重点人群采取有效的防控措施。

Epidemic Status Surveillance Analysis of Hand Foot and Mouth Disease in Longyan City from 2008 to 2009

Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics and pathogenic characteristics of Hand,Foot and Mouth Disease（HFMD） in Longyan City from 2008 to 2009,to provide evidence for prevention and control.Method The monitoring report card information form China Diseases Reporting Information System Database and the examination data from library were statistical analyzed with the SPSS17.0 software.Results The annual average incidence rate of HFMD was 47.23/100 000 from 2008 to 2009.Cases were mainly concentrated in Xinluo district,accounted for 51.32%.The reporting incidence rate was 119.29/100 000 and the age of all cases were under 5 years old.The sex ratio of male and female cases was 1.74：1.One peak time of incidence was from May to July,the other was from September to December.Pathogen surveillance results suggest that,EV71 was monitored in seven counties（cities,districts） from 2008 to 2009.All positive specimens were CoxA 16 before April of 2008,and positive specimens were all EV 71 from June of 2008 to June of 2009.CoxA16 and EV71 coexistence phenomenon appeared after July of 2009,but the proportion of CoxA16 showed an increasing tendency,the proportion of EV71 was downtrend.Conclusions The incidence of HFMD in Longyan City has some of the geographical concentration and seasonal,the age of most of HFMD cases were under 5 years old.The alternate or coexistence phenomenon of CoxA 16 and EV71 was existed in epidemic pathogen.The epidemic situation will tend to moderate in the near future.But the local the outbreak,severe cases or death cases were caused by EV71,that may still not be ruled out,suggesting that still need to raise awareness of prevention,the key areas and key population should to take effective control measures.