某纺织厂噪声作业工人听力损失调查

目的:通过对某纺织厂噪声强度监测和对作业人员的听力检测,掌握噪声强度及听力损失的发生情况,为采取积极有效的防护措施提供依据。方法:用HS6288系列噪声分析仪监测作业场所噪声强度,并进行频谱分析,计算累积噪声暴露量(CNE);对某纺织厂接触噪声作业的无耳疾患的931人进行听力检测;用EpiData建立数据库,SAS软件8.0统计包进行统计分析。结果:该厂噪声车间的连续等效A声级均超过了85db(A),主要为中高频噪声;噪声作业人员有高频听力损失264人,检出率为28.36%,语频听力损失9人,检出率为0.97%;高频和语频听力损失的发生率均随累积接触噪声剂量的增加而升高;听力损失发生率及程度与工龄密切相关;织一车间和织二车间噪声平均>100dB(A),高频听损率分别为43.68%和42.62%,在强噪声车间作业戴耳塞者高频听损检出率低于不戴耳塞者,但高频听力损失的检出率仍然明显高于其他车间;听力损失曲线以高频凹陷谷点为3kHz及4 kHz的“V”字型为主,占高频听力损失的73.0%。结论:该厂噪声污染较严重,对作业人员听力已经产生了明显影响,应采取积极的综合预防性措施来控制噪声对作业人员健康的影响。

Survey on occupational noise induced hearing loss in texitile mill

Objectives:To find out the levels of noise exposure and the rate of noise induced hearing loss in the textile mill by monitoring noise intensity in workplaces and carrying out audio acuity.Methods:The noise intensity and spectral analysis were monitored with HS6288 noise inspector.Cumulative noise exposure(CNE) was calculated according to noise intensity and working age.Test of Audio acuity was carried out for 931 noise exposure workers,who are with non-otopathy.The database was set up with EpiData and the statistical analysis was processed with SAS software 8.0.Results: The LeqA levels in most workplaces were over the national standards.It is the steady noise,which belongs to medium and high frequency noise.It was found out 264 workers with high frequency hearing loss(28.36%) and 9 workers with hearing loss (0.97%).The rates of high frequency hearing loss and hearing loss were raised by CNE increasing.The features of noise induced hearing loss in high frequency site("V" shape)were 3KHz,4KHz and 6KHz,which most were 3KHz and 4KHz(73.0%).Conclusions: This factory's noise pollution is serious and it has already had the obvious influence on the audition of exposure workers.The active prevent measures should be taken immediately.