中国2005年麻疹实验室网络的运转

目的评价中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区)2005年麻疹实验室网络的运转情况。方法分析全国2005年麻疹实验室网络监测数据库、中国疾病预防控制中心(CDC)病毒病预防控制所国家麻疹实验室血清学和病毒学监测数据库,评价中国麻疹实验室网络运转的各项指标。结果①血清学监测:2005年,除新疆维吾尔自治区外,30个省(自治区、直辖市,下同)总计报告疑似麻疹爆发941起,检测麻疹可疑病例血清标本16017份,IgM抗体检测阳性率达81%,实验室证实麻疹爆发872起。16个省开展了风疹监测,总计检测可疑风疹病例血清标本1187份,风疹IgM抗体检测阳性率为62%。②病毒学监测:2005年16个省级CDC麻疹实验室共送检188株麻疹病毒,经证实全部属于麻疹野病毒H1基因型,显示H1基因型仍是中国麻疹流行的绝对优势基因型。其中河北、山东、浙江省发现有H1b基因亚型在局部地区流行,其余毒株均为H1a基因亚型,说明H1a基因亚型仍为中国优势流行基因亚型。③实验室质量控制和管理:2005年国家麻疹实验室以优异的成绩通过世界卫生组织(WHO)的2004~2005年度职能考核和现场认证;除西藏自治区外,30个省级CDC麻疹实验室通过了2005年度由国家麻疹实验室组织的血清标本检测结果复核和盲样标本职能考核;山东、山西、贵州、吉林、天津5个省级CDC麻疹实验室通过了实验室现场考核认证。结论中国2005年麻疹实验室网络运转良好,并建立了比较健全的质量控制体系,为麻疹爆发的早期诊断、及时控制发挥了重要作用;并丰富了麻疹病毒学基因数据库,为2012年消除麻疹提供了本底资料。

Running Status of Chinese Measles Laboratory Network in 2005

Objective To evaluate the running status of Chinese 3-level Measles Laboratory Network in 2005. Methods Analyzed the measles surveillance database in 31 Provincial CDC in 2005,the serological surveillance database and virological surveillance database in 2005 of National Measles Laboratory,and evaluated the indicators of the running status of Chinese Measles Network. Results Serological surveillance:In 2005, a total of 941 suspected Measles outbreaks were reported in 30 provinces except Xinjiang Province,and 16 017 sera specimens were detected,the positive rate was 81%,872 of outbreaks were confirmed by laboratory.Rubella surveillance was performed by 16 provinces,1 187 sera specimens were detected,and the positive rate was 62%;2,Virological surveillance:In 2005,total 188 measles viral isolates were collected from 16 Provincial Measles Laboratories,all belong to H1 genotype,which showed that H1 genotype was still the predominant genotype circulating in China.H1b sub-genotype was found only in Hebei,Shandong, and Zhejiang and all others measles virus isolates belonged to H1a sub-genotype, which was still the preponderant sub-genotype.3,Laboratory quality assurance and management:National Measles Laboratory got full scores and passed the Proficiency test,and was also got accreditation by WHO though on-site review in 2005.All Provincial Measles Laboratories except Tibet passed the confirmatory testing on serology and proficiency test provided by National Measles Laboratory in 2005.Five provinces including Shandong,Shanxi,Guizhou,Jilin, and Tianjin Provincial Measles Laboratories passed the on-site reiew given by National Measles Laboratory. Conclusion With the efforts of all members of 3-level Measles Laboratory Network,Chinese Measles Laboratory Network ran smoothly in 2005,it was already well functioned in Measles control and prevention in China.