孕期高脂喂养对胎鼠心肌细胞的影响

目的 探讨Sprague-Dawley(SD)大鼠妊娠期高脂喂养对胎鼠心肌细胞的影响。方法 选择清洁级SD大鼠,雄性10只、雌性20只,鼠龄96～103 d,体重240~260 g。适应性喂养3 d后SD雌性大鼠与雄性大鼠按2∶1比例合笼过夜,次日早上检查,以阴道涂片发现精子为妊娠第0天。将孕鼠随机分为A、B两组,每组10只。A组予普通饲料喂养,B组予高脂饲料喂养,分别喂养至孕期的第21天。禁食16 h采集血标本测定血脂。取胎鼠心肌组织,分别于光镜和电镜下观察心肌细胞结构的改变。结果 孕第21天,与A组孕鼠比较,B组孕鼠血总胆固醇及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显升高(P=0.000),而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显下降(P=0.001)。在光镜下观察两组胎鼠心肌细胞HE染色切片,B组细胞结构欠清晰,细胞存在水肿,细胞胞核形态不规则,细胞核内染色加深。两组胎鼠心肌组织超微结构观察提示:与A组比较,B组细胞内细胞器模糊,线粒体嵴断裂,数量减少等。结论 高脂喂养的SD大鼠孕期存在脂代谢异常(高胆固醇血症、高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症及低高密度脂蛋白胆固醇血症),其胎鼠存在心肌细胞损害。

Effect of lipid metabolism disorders on fetal rat heart in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of lipid metabolism disorders in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats on fetal rat myocardial cell. Methods Pregnant rats were randomly divided into A and B groups,each group had 10 cases.Group A was fed with ordinary feed,and group B with high fat feed,all were fed to pregnancy 21 days respectively.Blood samples were collected to determine blood lipid.Fetal rat's myocardial tissue was taken to observe under light microscope and electron microscope after dealing with. Results At 21 days of pregnancy,compared with group A,total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of group B rats increased significantly (P=0.000),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) decreased obviously (P=0.001).Fetal rat's myocardial cell of two groups were observed with HE staining slice under light microscopy,cell structure of group B owes unclear with cell edema,cell nucleus shape was irregular.Fetal rat myocardial tissue ultrastructure observation was indicated:Group B cells organelles were decrease in the number and mitochondria crest fractured. Conclusion High-fat feeding of SD rats exists abnormal lipid metabolism during pregnancy (high cholesterol,high LDL-C and low HDL-C),the fetal rat myocardial cell has damage.