6~11岁原发性遗尿症儿童心理行为问题及相关因素研究

目的 探讨6~11岁原发性遗尿症儿童心理行为问题及相关因素,为临床心理干预及治疗提供参考依据。方法 采用横断面研究设计,选取本院自2013年6月-2015年6月收治的72例6~11岁原发性遗尿症儿童作为观察组;选取同期到本院做健康体检的82例6~11岁儿童作为对照组,采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)测量心理行为问题,并采用自行设计的调查表收集儿童和家庭的一般资料,比较两组儿童CBCL各因子得分,分析影响原发性遗尿症儿童心理行为问题的相关因素。结果 对于男童,除多动和违纪两个因子外,观察组其他因子得分均高于对照组(P<0.05);对于女童,除分裂症、多动和违纪三个因子外,观察组其他因子得分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组CBCL行为问题检出率(34.72%)明显高于对照组(7.32%),差异有统计学意义(χ²=18.541,P=0.021)。年龄越大、父母关系越差、由老人或保姆抚养的遗尿症儿童,CBCL总分越高,提示存在的心理行为问题越严重。而父母文化程度高、家庭主要管教方式为民主型或混合型的遗尿症儿童,CBCL总分越低,是保护因素。结论 6~11岁原发性遗尿症儿童存在抑郁、社交退缩等不良心理行为问题,与年龄和父母文化程度等具有相关性,应结合相关因素,采取创造良好的家庭环境等措施加强其心理干预治疗。

Study on the psychological behavior and related factors of primary enuresis children aged 6 to 11.

Objective To study the primary enuresis (PNE) in children's psychological and behavioral problems and related factors,and to provide reference for clinical psychological intervention and treatment aged 6 to 11. Methods Using cross sectional design,72 cases of PNE children aged 6 to 11 were selected from Boai Hospital from June 2013 to June 2015 as observation group;At the same time,82 cases of children aged 6 to 11 who participated in physical examination were selected as control group.Their psychological behavior problems were measured by Achenbach Child Behavior Scale (CBCL),while self-designed questionnaires were used to collect general data.The each factor scores of CBCL were compared between two groups.The PNE children's psychological behavior problems and related factors were analyzed. Results For boys,except hyperactivity and discipline,the other factors' scores of the observation group were higher than those of control group (P<0.05);For girls,in addition to schizophrenia,hyperactivity and discipline,other factor's scores of the observation group were higher than those of control group (P<0.05).CBCL behavior problems detection rate (34.72%) of the observation group was obviously higher than that of control group (7.32%),with statistically significant difference (χ²=18.541,P=18.541).Children whose age older,parents relationship worse,nocturia children raised by olders or a nanny,had higher CBCL total score,and the serious psychological behavior problems.Children with parents education higher,the family main parenting was democratic or hybrid,had lower CBCL total score,so they were protective factors. Conclusions Primary enuresis children aged 6 to 11 have adverse psychological behavior problems such as depression,social withdrawal.They are associated with age and parents' education.So combined with the related factors,such measures as a good family environment should be created to strengthen the psychological intervention treatment.