双任务情境下孤独症儿童执行功能研究

目的 比较孤独症儿童在双任务情境下的执行功能差异,探究孤独症儿童与正常儿童执行功能间的差异。方法 运用图片工作记忆卡片、心理旋转、昼/夜stroop和手部游戏任务对48名孤独症儿童进行执行功能测试,并设置高低音频组作为双任务探测模式,运用独立样本t检验进行统计分析。结果 高低音频组间孤独症儿童执行功能任务得分差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),花费的时间存在差异,即高音频刺激时孤独症儿童需更多时间完成任务(P＜0.05);孤独症儿童与对照组儿童在执行功能的得分和花费的时间上差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 孤独症儿童对高音频刺激较为敏感,声音刺激可能是影响其完成执行功能任务的原因之一;孤独症儿童的执行功能能力显著弱于正常儿童。

Research on executive functions under dual-task in children with autism spectrum disorder.

Objective To explore the executive function in dual-task situation of children with autism spectrum disorder(ASD),and to find the differences of executive function between ASD and normal children. Methods Working memory cards,mental rotation cards,day-night stroop and hand game tasks were used to perform a functional test of 48 children with ASD.Simultaneously,high and low voice frequency stimulation groups was set up as dual-task test mode.All the data were analyzed by independent sample t-test. Results The task scores of executive function of children with ASD showed no difference between the two groups (P>0.05),but high voice frequency stimulation resulted in more time to complete the tasks for ASD children (P<0.05).There were significant differences of executive function scores and total time between children with ASD and normal children (P<0.05). Conclusions Children with ASD are more sensitive to the simulation of high voice frequency,and sound stimulation may affect children with ASD to complete the executive function tasks.The executive function of children with ASD is significantly weaker than normal children.