综合干预对精神分裂症社区康复的效果观察

目的 探索综合干预对精神分裂症患者社区康复的效果。方法 采用简单随机抽样法，将福州市台江区63例社区精神分裂症患者随机分为干预组（33例）和对照组（30例）。干预组由精神科医师定期进行综合心理式家庭干预；对照组仅为门诊随访。于入组前、第一年半时及第三年末分别对两组患者采用精神分裂症阴性症状量表（SANS）、阳性症状量表（SAPS）及社会功能缺陷筛选表（SDSS）等进行评估和比较。结果 入组前干预组与对照组的SANS、SAPS及SDSS总评分差异无显著性；入组后第一年半时及第三年末时SANS、SAPS及SDSS总评分两组差异均非常显著。干预组在第一年半、三年末时SANS、SAPS及SDSS总评分与入组时比较差异均有非常显著性；对照组却无明显差别。第三年末干预组与对照组复发次数比较差异亦非常显著（t＝4．361，P＜0．001）。结论 综合干预是精神分裂症患者社区康复的最佳选择。

Synthetical interference is the best choice of treatment of the patients recovering from schizophrenia in community

Objective To search for the effect of synthetical interference with the patients of schizophrenia in community.Method Randomly divided 63 patients of schizophrenia in Taijiang District into two groups a group of 33 patients for synthetical interference in treatment and another group of 30 patients for antitheses.The patients in synthetical interference group received comprehensive psychotherapy regularly at home;and the patients for antitheses were visited at clinic irregularly.The patients in both groups were separately evaluated with SANS(schedule of anitheses for negative symptoms),SAPS(schedule of antitheses for positive symptoms)and SDSS(social disability sifting schedule)and then compared with each other three times:before joining the groups,a year and a half later and at the end of the third year.Results The points of each group evaluated with SANS,SAPS and SDSS differed little from each other before the groups were formed,while they differed greatly one and a half years later and at the end of the third year.The points of the synthetical interference group evaluated for the second time and the third time were remarkably in proportion to those evaluated for the first evaluated each time.At the end of the third year the patients of the synthetical interference group had much fewer relayses than those of the group for antitheses(t=4 361,P<0 001).Conclusion Synthetical interference is the best choice of treatment of the patients recovering form of shizophrenia in community.