基质金属蛋白酶-1的研究进展

基质金属蛋白酶（MMP）是一类由Zn^2＋依赖性的内肽酶组成的酶家族，降解细胞外基质成分（ECM）。MMP—1是最先完成蛋白纯化和cDNA克隆的脊椎动物胶原酶，以酶原形式合成，通过蛋白水解作用裂解酶原N一端残基，与其他MMP分享一个催化区及一个序列相似于血红素蛋白的羧端。MMP—1是一个多功能分子，不仅参与细胞外间隙胶原纤维的代谢，也参与许多非基质底物和细胞表面分子的分裂：大量证据指出，MMP-1在不同生理、病理进程中起重要作用，如发育、组织形态建成、创伤修复，并与人类多种疾病有关，包括动脉粥样硬化、风湿性关节炎、肺气肿和纤维化等，提示抑制或刺激MMP—1可有助于疾病预防与治疗。

Progress in the studies of matrix metalloproteinase-1

Matrix metalloproteinases(MMP) are a family of Zn~(2+)-dependent endopeptidases capable of cleaving components of extracellular matrix(ECM).MMP-1 was the first vertebrate collagenase purified as a protein and cloned as a cDNA,and is considered the prototype for all the interstitial collagenases.It is synthesized as a zymogen.Its N-terminal residues are removed by proteolysis and it shares with other MMPs a catalytic domain and a carboxy terminal domain with the sequence similar to hemopexin.(MMP-1) should be considered as a multifunctional molecule since it participates not only in the turnover of collagen fibrils in the extracellular space but also in the cleavage of a number of nonmatrix substrates and cell surface molecules,suggesting an important role in the regulation of cellular behaviour.Furthermore,an extensive body of evidence indicates that MMP-1 plays an important role in diverse physiologic processes such as growth,tissue morphogenesis,and wound repair.Likewise,it seems to be implicated in a variety of human diseases including atherosclerosis,rheumatoid arthritis,pulmonary emphysema,and fibrotic disorders,suggesting that its inhibition or stimulation may open therapeutic avenues.