脑出血患者血钠血钾变化的临床意义

目的:探讨急性脑出血时血钠、血钾的变化及其与出血部位、病情轻重、治疗、预后的关系。方法:采用日本OLYMPUS.AU-400型全自动生化分析仪,检测患者入院24h内、3～5d、7～8d空腹血钠、血钾。结果:急性脑出血389例,并发低血钠69例(17.74%),高血钠23例(5.91%),低血钾74例(19.02%),高血钾15例(3.85%)。在脑出血患者中低钠血症发生率较高,与脑出血部位、病情轻重及预后有关,高钠血症、高钾血症发生率较低,与病情轻重及预后也有关。低血钾虽发生率较高但与病情及预后无关。结论:血钠血钾均可作为脑出血病情轻重及预后的判断指标之一。

Clinical analysis of the change of serum Natrium ion and Kalium ion in acute cerebral hemorrhage disease

Objective:To explore the change of serum Na+ and K+ in acute cerebral hemorrhage and its relation with haemorrhagic position, developing of the illness, treatment and prognosis. Methods:Fasting serum Na+ and K+ were tested by biochemistry analyzer when in-patients were observed in 24 hours; between 3th to 5th day; between 7th to 8th day. Results:There are totally 389 patients of hospitalization from 2002 Jan to 2006 Dec, in which there are 69 cases had hyponatremia(17.74%); 23 cases had hypernatrium(5.91%);74 cases had hypokalemia(19.02%) and 15cases had hyperkalemia(3.58%). The rate of hyponatremia is higher in patients of cerebral hemorrhage, which was related with the position of cerebral hemorrhage, developing of the illness and prognosis. The rates of hypernatrium and hyperkalemia were related with the developing of the illness and prognosis. In addition, even though the rate of hypokalemia is higher it doesn’t have any relationship with the developing of the illness and prognosis. Conclusion:The change of serum Na+ and K+ can act as an index to evaluate the developing degree and prognosis of acute cerebrovascular disease.