肾癌与血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的谐波超声造影研究

目的 分析肾癌与血管平滑肌脂肪瘤谐波超声造影的强化形式和时间一强度曲线参数特征. 方法 前瞻性分析.肾癌47例(47个)、血管平滑肌脂肪瘤10例(11个)的谐波超声造影表现及时间强度曲线参数,比较2组强化形式及强化参数差异. 结果 ①27例(57.4%)肾癌高回声,39例(83.0%)彩色多普勒超声显示周边环绕血流或周边向内穿入血流与环绕血流混合;血管平滑肌脂肪瘤为高回声6例(54.5%),3例(27.3%)显示周边环绕血流或周边向内穿入血流与环绕血流混合.②39例(83.0%)肾癌谐波超声造影为高或等增强;血管半滑肌脂肪瘤9例(81.8%))为低增强,2组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01).③肾癌峰值强化时间(PT)、廓清时间(WT)、强化程度(△A,峰值强化与基础回声强度之差)、相对强化倍数(△AT/R,肿瘤强化程度与肾皮质强化程度之比)、时间一强度曲线的斜率(k)、相对血流最(△A·k,强化程度与斜率的乘积)分别为(22.65±8.78)s,(206.16±65.94)s,(14.94±6.14)dB,(1.28±0.64)dB,0.29±0.14,4.36±2.62;血管平滑肌脂肪瘤分别为(35.87±16.16)s,(150.03±61.08)s,(8.94±7.87)dB,(0.61±0.37)dB,0.17±0.07,2.06±1.02.2组参数比较差异均有统计学意义,P值均<0.05. 结论 谐波超声造影对肾癌与血管平滑肌脂肪瘤的鉴别有临床应用价值,前者以高或等增强为主,后者以低增强为主;时间一强度曲线参数也有助于二者的鉴别.

Usefulness of contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography in renal cell cancer and angiomyolipoma

Objective To characterize the image morphology and time-intensity curve of renal cell cancer and angiomyolipoma on contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography. Methods A total of 57 patients with 58 renal masses were enrolled in this study prospectively. The renal masses included 47 renal cell carcinomas (RCC) and 11 angiomyolipomas (AML). All patients were evaluated by tradi-tional gray-scale sonography, color Doppler sonography and contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography. Imaging findings and time-intensity curves of all renal masses were analyzed. The contrast-enhance-ment features between RCC and AML were analyzed. Results 57.4% of RCCs were hyperechoic masses and peripheral surrounding vessels and / or penetrating vessels were noted in 83.0% of RCCs on color Doppler sonography. 54.5 % of AMLs were hyperechoic masses while peripheral surrounding vessels and / or penetrating vessels were only noted in 27.3% of AMLs on color Doppler sonography. On contrast-enhanced harmonic sonography, hyper- or iso-enhancement were noted in 83.0% of RCCs, while hypo-enhancement were noted in 81.8% of AMLs (P<0.01). Statistically significant differences were noted between RCC and AML in the values of peak time (P=0.03), wash time (p= 0.02), peak intensity-basic intensity (P=0. 01), AT/R (△A tumor/△A renal) (P=0.00), k (P= 0.02), and Aok (P=0.02). Conclusions Contrast-enhanced sonography is useful in the differentia-tion of renal masses. Most RCCs are hyper- or iso-enhanced while most AMLs are hypo-enhanced. Time-intensity curves are helpful in differentiating RCC and AML.