新疆鼠疫自然疫源地

１９５５～１９９２年期间，以综合调查方法在新疆共１５个县、市的山地发现了相对分隔的１６小片鼠疫疫源地。疫源地面积共达１１ １１５ｋｍ＾２；发现自然染疫的脊椎动物９种，节肢动物１１处；分离出鼠疫菌１ ２８４株。根据生态地理特征，将１６小片疫源地划归为北天山灰旱獭一长尾黄鼠独立疫源地、南天山灰旱獭疫源地、帕米尔高原－阿赖山红旱獭疫源地、昆仑山喜马拉雅旱獭疫源地。平原荒漠中没有发现疫源地。本文另就各疫源

The Natural Foci of Plague in Xinjiang,China

uring the period of 1955 1992,16 miniature foci of plague which were relatively independent werefound in comprehensive survey in 15 counties of Xinjiang.The total area of these foci amounted to 11 1 1 5km2.In these regions,it were found that 9 species of vetebrate and 11 species of arthropod naturally infectedwith plague,and also 1 284 strains of Y.pestis were isolated.According to the geographical and ecologicalcharacteristics,these 16 mini-foci could be fallen into the independent Foci of Marmota baibacina and Citellusundulatus of northern Tianshan Mountainous Districts ,the C.undulatus Foci of southern Tianshan Mountain-ous Districts ,The Marmota caudata Foci of the Pamirs and Alaishan Mountainous Districts,the Marmota hi-malayana Foci of Kunlun Mountainous Districts.No focus was found in plains and desert.In this paper,theauthors also elaborated some questions about the foci such as geographical position,geographical characteris- tics and the area,as well as the density and distribution of host animal,the species of animal and insect in nat-ural carrier state ,the biological property of Y.pestis,the epidemic feature of epizootic plague and the mecha-nism of long-term existence of epizootic plague in nature.Whether or not plague existing in plains and desertof Xinjiang,and the potential focus prediction in Xinjiang mountainous districts were discussed in this paper inthe meantime.