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Cerebral lipiodol embolism following transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma: a report of two cases and literature review |
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| Authors: | Li Zhi Ni Rui-Fang Busireddy Kiran Kumar Reddy Jin Yong-Hai Zhao Xin Li Ming-Ming Yang Chao |
| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Interventional Radiology , First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China 2. Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China 3. Department of General Surgery , First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China |
| Abstract: | Cerebral lipiodol embolism (CLE) is an extremely rare complication of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization for hepatocellular carcinoma.To our knowledge,only 11 cases have been previously reported.We recently encountered two cases of CLE in our clinical work.Reviewing the 11 cases in the literature and the two cases in our report indicates that large dose lipiodol infusion and absence of particulate embolization should be avoided.The presence of a right-to-left shunt and inferior phrenic artery injection seems to increase the risk of CLE.More caution should be taken in these situations. |
| Keywords: | cerebral lipiodol embolism transcatheter arterial chemoembolization hepatocellular carcinoma |
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