Dot-Like Hemosiderin Deposition on T2*-Weighted MR Imaging Associated with Nonhypertensive Intracerebral Hemorrhage

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Microangiopathy, a disorder often related to hypertension, is an important cause of deep intracerebral hematoma (ICH). The microangiopathy is associated with dot-like low-intensity spots (a dot-like hemosiderin spot: dotHS) on gradient-echo T2*-weighted MR images that have been histologically diagnosed as old microbleeds. The locations of dotHS are consistent with deep ICH. METHODS: To investigate how dotHS or other risk factors contribute to nonhypertensive deep ICH, the number and location of dotHSs, as well as other risk factors were examined in 213 deep ICH patients (106 males, 107 females, age: 37-94 (65.8 +/- 11.2) years) consecutively admitted to Hakodate Municipal Hospital. Patients were divided into two subgroups according to the presence or absence of hypertension. DotHSs were also divided into deep and subcortical dotHS and investigated independently. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated from logistic regression analyses. Furthermore, nonhypertensive ICH patients were compared with nonhypertensive healthy volunteers matched for age and sex. RESULTS: No risk factors were identified in the 31 nonhypertensive deep ICH patients that differed from those found in the 182 hypertensive deep ICH patients. Deep dotHS > or = 1 (OR: 25.5; 95% CI: 4.76-137; P = .0002), subcortical dotHS > or = 1 (OR: 9.0; 95% CI: 1.79-44.9; P = .046), diabetes mellitus (OR: 9.0; 95% CI: 1.53-52.3; P = .015), and smoking (OR, 9.6; 95% CI; 1.8-49.8, P = .007) significantly elevated the risk of nonhypertensive ICH, compared to the healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that deep and subcortical dotHSs may be risk factors for the development of non-hypertensive deep ICH.