贵州省天生桥水电站库区沿岸鼠疫疫源地调查

目的 查明贵州省天生桥水电站库区沿岸鼠疫疫源地主要宿主动物和媒介蚤类，确定疫源地的性质和分布范围，为预防控制鼠疫提供依据。方法 运用现场流行病学调查方法，调查贵州省天生桥水电站库区沿岸7个乡镇36个村寨，采集啮齿动物、蚤类和指示动物标本，检测鼠疫菌、鼠疫F1抗原和F1抗体。结果 该地区啮齿动物有3科12属21种；媒介蚤有5种，黄胸鼠和印鼠客蚤为优势种。在4个乡镇的12个村寨检出鼠疫感染，鼠疫F1抗原阳性率啮齿动物0．89％、蚤类7．41％；鼠疫F1抗体阳性率啮齿动物0．54％、指示动物1．35％；从黄胸鼠和褐家鼠中培养分离鼠疫菌3株。结论 天生桥水电站库区沿岸的鼠疫疫源地具有与黄胸鼠鼠疫疫源地相同的特征，动物鼠疫流行是由于水库蓄水所引起。

Plague focus investigation in the region of Tianshengqiao reservoir in Guizhou

Objective To find out main plague hosts and vectors,and to identify the distributive region and the features of plague foci.Methods The investingations were carried out in 36 villages. Rodents,fleas and plague indicative animals were collected for isolating Y. pestis and detecting of F1 antigen and antibody.Results The 21 species in 12 genus of the 3 families of the rodents and the 5 species of fleas were identified in the areas. Rattus flavipestus and Xenopsylla cheopis were dominance species. The positive rats of the F1 antigen were 0.54 % in rodents and 1.35% in indicative animals. The three strains of Y. pestis were insolated from the Rattuts flavipestus and Rattuts narvegicus.Conclusions The plague foci in Tianshengqiao reservoir area have the same feature with the plague foci in Ruttuts flavipestus, the epizootic were caused by water storage of the reservoir.