人工关节表面改性及生物摩擦学性能研究

人工关节表面涂层和等离子处理技术均可以提高材料的表面硬度,增强人工关节抗磨损能力,但很难在短时间内有效缓解材料的应力集中,从而导致人工关节在受到生理冲击载荷时易于断裂;表面图案化主要是通过表面微囊储存润滑液,改善摩擦配副表面的润滑状态,实现摩擦学性能的提高,但难以提高材料的抗冲击能力;表面接枝改性主要是通过在材料表面接枝具有亲水性或特异功能的官能团,提高材料表面的亲水性,改善润湿性,从而提高润滑性能,降低摩擦系数。

Research on surface modification and bio-tribological properties of artificial joint

The bio-tribological properties of an artificial joint can be obviously improved by surface modification technologies. In this paper, the benefits and disadvantages of various surface modification methods-such as surface coating, plasma treatment, surface texture and surface grafting modification-are discussed. The aim of surface coating and/or plasma treatment is to improve the surface hardness of the materials, thus enhancing the wear resistance of artificial joints. However, these technologies do not effectively alleviate stress concentration of material in the short times in which artificial joints bear physiological impact load, resulting in easy fracture. Surface texture serves mainly to improve the lubrication properties through micro-concavities on the material surface for storage lubricant. Surface texturing can realize improvements in bio-tribological properties, but it does not enhance the impact resistance of the joint. Surface grafting modification is implemented mainly by grafting hydrophilic or other specific functional groups to improve the surface hydrophilicity and wetability, thus enhancing lubricating performance and reducing the coefficient of friction.