2004-2005年中国A(H1N1)亚型流感病毒抗原性及基因特性研究

目的 阐明2004-2005年中国流行的A（H1N1）亚型流感病毒血凝素抗原性及其基因变异情况.方法 对2004-2005年分离的A（H1N1）亚型毒株先进行单向血凝抑制试验;在此基础上选取不同时间、地点的A（H1N1）亚型流感毒株进行血凝素基因HA1区核苷酸序列测定并推导出其氨基酸序列,然后进行基因进化特性分析.结果 单向血凝抑制实验结果表明,2004年A（H1N1）亚型病毒株对鉴定血清的血凝抑制效价与A/Shanghai/1/1999（H1N1）毒株没有4倍差异;2005年分离的A（H1H1）亚型毒株中有62株（占6.2%）病毒与A/Shanghai/1/1999（H1N1）毒株本身的血凝抑制效价相比有4倍差异.HA1区核苷酸序列和氨基酸序列分析表明,我国2005年分离到的A（H1N1）亚型流感病毒株有以下位点发生变异,54 K＞R、90T＞K、101Y＞H、149R＞K、169V＞A、190D＞N、212R＞K、219K＞R、245W＞R、246Y＞F、258T＞N、318V＞A,其中54、190位氨基酸位于抗原决定簇.结论 我国2005年分离的A（H1N1）亚型流感毒株基因特性和抗原性已开始发生变异.

Antigenic and genetic study of influenza virus (H1N1) circulated in China in 2004-2005

BACKGROUND: To analyze the genetic and antigenic characteristics of hemagglutinin (HA) gene of human influenza (H1N1) virus isolated from the mainland of China since 2004 to 2005. METHODS: The single-way hemagglutination inhibition (HI) tests were used to test the antigenic characteristics, and the HA1 gene was sequenced based on the antigenic results. RESULTS: The single-way HI results showed that no virus isolates had 4-folds greater HI titer compared with A/Shanghai/1/1999 (H1N1) in 2004, but there was 6.3% virus had 4-fold greater difference in 2005. The HA1 sequence data showed that the H1N1 virus had the following amino acid mutations such as 54 K > R, 90 T > K, 101 Y > H, 149 R > K, 169 V > A, 190 D > N, 212 R > K, 219 K > R, 245 W > R, 246 Y > F, 258 T > N, 318 V > A and the 54 and 190 amino acids located in antigenic group of HA1. CONCLUSION: The H1N1 virus was changing in antigenic and genetic characteristics.