血液透析患者导管感染原因分析与对策

目的分析血液透析患者留置导管感染的相关因素、常见致病菌,并探讨预防措施。方法对238例血液透析患者进行回顾性分析,观察置管方式、常见致病菌与导管相关性感染的关系。结果长期留置导管患者的感染率3.35例次/1 000导管日,明显低于临时留置导管患者的感染率9.22例次/1 000导管日,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。常见致病菌为金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌。结论血液透析护士严格无菌操作,并加强透析室环境及物品清洁消毒,可以减少导管相关性感染的发生。

Causes and countermeasures of central venous catheter related infection in hemodialysis patients

Objective To analyze the related factors of central venous catheter - related infection of hemodialysis patients to explore preventive measures. Methods Totally,238 hemodialysis patients who accepted central venous catheters were retrospectively analyed to explore the relationship among different inserting ways ,common pathogenic bacterium, and catheter related infection. Results The infection rate of long - term central venous catheterized patients was 3.35 cases per 1 000 catheter days,which was lower than that of transient patients （9.22 cases per 1 000 catheter days） （ P 〈 0.05 ）. The common pathogenic bacteria were staphylococcus aureus, staphylococcus epidermids and colon bacillus. Conclusion Following aseptic principles strictly and strengthening the sterilization of the operation environments and instruments can reduce the rate of catheter - related infection.