松阳县2004年风疹流行病学分析

目的了解松阳县2004年风疹流行情况，指导风疹预防控制工作。方法对松阳县2004年报告的风疹病例进行流行病学分析。结果松阳县2004年共报告风疹195例，报告发病率为84．42／10万。病例中学生180例，占92．31％。1-6月均有发病，发病高峰为4月，占64．10％。共发生12起农村学校风疹爆发，181例爆发病例中，无风疹减毒活疫苗（Rubella Attenuated Live Vaccine，RubV）免疫史者占48．07％，免疫史不详者占51．93％。农村风疹爆发学校学生RubV接种率（20％）明显低于城区学校学生（92％）。结论松阳县2004年风疹发病率高的主要原因，与农村学校学生RubV接种率低及生活住宿条件差有关。采取RubV应急接种为主的综合措施可有效控制风疹爆发。

Epidemiological Analysis on Rubella Cases in Songyang County in 2004

Objective To know the epidemiological characteristics of rubella case reported in Songyang Couny in 2004, and to know new ways of rubella control. Method To analyze the epidemiology on the rubella cases reported in Songyang Couny in 2004. Results In 2004, 195 rubella cases were reported, and the reported rubella incidence was 84.42/100,000. The rubella cases were mainly primary and middle school students,which were 180 cases. The rubella cases occurred from January to June, and 64.10% cases occurred in April. There were 12 rubella outbreaks with 181 cases in the rural areas. For the immunity history of rebulla vaccine of 181 cases, 48.07% cases were unvaccinated, 51.93% cases were unknown. The immunization coverage rate of rubella vaccine of students in rural areas （20%） was obviously lower than that of students in the urban areas （92%）. Conclusion The main reasons of the high rubella incidence in Songyang County in 2004 were the low coverage rate of rubella vaccine and poor living accommodation for the primary and middle school students in the rural areas, and it was effective to adopt comprehensive measures such as emergent vaccination to control rubella outbreak.