江苏省中小学生参与体育锻炼行为影响因素分析

分析江苏省7~18岁中小学生参加体育锻炼因素,为制订学校体育发展政策提供参考.方法 采用分层整群抽样的方法,从江苏省抽取南京、徐州、宿迁、常州、无锡、苏州、扬州、南通8座城市的30所学校,对从小学一年级到高中三年级共6 847名学生进行体育锻炼影响因素的问卷调查.结果 只有53.97%的中小学生能经常参加体育锻炼.随着年级的增加,经常参加体育锻炼的学生比例呈下降趋势(x2=256.740,P<0.01).在不愿意参与体育锻炼的中小学生中,有45.03%认为体育课程缺乏趣味性,29.07%不喜欢体育老师的授课方式,28.18%认为缺乏体育场地和器材,28.19%认为体育成绩的好坏与其升学没有关系,26.21%认为体育课程成绩与学校的评价、评优无关.Logistic回归分析显示,性别、地区、课程内容缺乏趣味性、不喜欢体育教师的授课方式、缺乏体育场地或器材、家长不支持、体育课与在校期间评优无关、体育课程对升学没有影响是中小学生参加体育锻炼的影响因素(P值均<0.05).结论 江苏省中小学生体育锻炼参与情况欠佳.青少年体育工作的开展应由政府、学校、社会、家庭多方面协调管理.

Associated factors of physical exercise participation among primary and middle school students in Jiangsu

Objective To explore associated factors that affect physical exercise participation among primary and middle school students aged 7 to 18 years in Jiangsu Province.Methods By using stratified cluster sampling,30 schools in Nanjing,Xuzhou,Suqian,Changzhou,Wuxi,Suzhou,Yangzhou and Nantong were selected from Jiangsu Province.A total of 6 847 students from grade 1 in primary schools to grade 12 in high schools conducted a questionnaire survey.Results About 53.97% of primary and middle school students regularly took part in physical exercise.With the increase of grade,the proportion of students who take part in physical exercise decreased.Of all participants,45.03% reported lack of interests in physical education class,29.07% reported dislikes of teaching methods in PE class,28.18% reported lack of sports venues and equipment,28.19% perceived low significance of sports scores in graduation,and 26.21% perceived low significance of sports scores in academic achievement.Except of gender and "dislikes of teaching methods",all factors associated with physical exercise participation(P<0.01).Conclusion Youth physical exercise participation should be coordinated by the government,school,society and family.In addition,schools and families should cooperate with each other to make physical exercise as part of the daily life and promote healthy lifestyle among primary and secondary students.