“52110”干预模式对中小学生健康饮食运动行为效果分析

分析“52110”干预模式对中小学生健康知识、行为干预效果,为中小学生肥胖控制提供合理干预措施.方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法,于2013年9月在宁夏银川和吴忠市抽取学生2 148名,采用问卷调查和体格检查方法,评价“52110”模式对中小学生饮食运动干预效果.结果 宁夏银川、吴忠2地区中小学生对于健康饮食知晓率较高.干预前12项问题均答对者,干预组比例(52.7%)高于对照组(42.5%),差异有统计学意义(x2=14.036,P<0.01);干预后干预组(69.8%)高于对照组(64.1%),差异有统计学意义(x2=4.965,P=0.026).干预后健康饮食行为中,干预组每天食用水果、蔬菜、肉类的份数均多于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);干预后健康运动行为中,与对照组相比,干预组高强度运动时间和看电视时间较少,中强度运动时间较高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).干预组干预后,身高、体重高于干预前,收缩压(SBP)低于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01),干预前后体质量指数(BMI),舒张压(DBP)差异无统计学意义;对照组干预后BMI、身高、体重均高于干预前(P值均<0.01),SBP干预后低于干预前(P<0.05),DBP干预前后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).结论 “52110”干预模式对中小学生健康饮食知识知晓率和行为干预有一定的促进作用,能有效缓解中小学生超重、肥胖的发生.

52110 intervention model on healthy eating and physical exercising among primary and middle school students

Objective To explore the effect of 52110 intervention on healthy eating and physical exercising among primary and middle school students.Methods An questionnaire survey,physical examination and blood pressure assessment among 2 148 students selected with random cluster sampling from 7 primary and middle schools in Yinchuan and Wuzhong cities of Ningxia during September 2014.Results The awareness on healthy knowledge was relatively high at baseline in both cities.Before and after 3-month intervention,correct rate on healthy knowledge among intervention group (52.7%,69.8%) was higher than that of the control group (42.5%,64.1%) (x2 =14.036,4.965,P<0.01,P=0.026,respectively).After intervention,intervention consumed more healthy food including fruits,vegetables and meat,and spent more time in moderate intensity exercise and television watching,but less high intensity exercise than that in the control group(P<0.05).The height and weight of the intervention group was higher after intervention than before intervention,SBP was lower than that before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01).The BMI and DBP had no significant changes before and after intervention.Higher BMI,height and weight while lower SBP among control group was found compared with before intervention(P<0.01).Conclusion The intervention model of 52110 can affect eating and physical exercising pattern,as well as effectively alleviate overweight and obesity risk among primary and middle school students.