早年留守经历对青春期流动儿童依恋关系的影响

探究早年留守经历对流动青少年依恋关系的影响,为青春期流动儿童心理健康教育提供参考.方法 采用随机整群抽样方法,选取珠海、中山、东莞、深圳和广州各1所农民工子弟学校六~八年级全部学生1 544名(留守组763名,未留守组781名)作为研究对象,采用自编问卷、父母同伴依恋问卷(IPPA)进行测评.结果 留守组儿童母亲信任、母亲沟通、父亲信任、父亲沟通维度及母亲依恋、父亲依恋得分较非留守组儿童低(t值分别为-5.63,-6.04,-5.53,-4.06,-6.97,-5.71,P值均<0.01);母亲疏远、父亲疏远、同伴疏远维度得分较非留守组儿童高(t值分别为5.62,3.31,2.59,P值均<0.01);留守组与非留守组儿童同伴信任、同伴沟通维度及同伴依恋得分差异无统计学意义(P值均>0.05).多重线性回归分析显示,年龄是母亲信任、母亲沟通、母亲依恋、父亲信任、父亲依恋、同伴依恋的消极影响因素(B值分别为-1.30,-0.95,-2.88,-0.87,-1.34,-1.24),是母亲疏远、父亲疏远、同伴疏远的积极影响因素(B值分别为0.63,0.46,0.62,P值均<0.05);分离期间见面频率为每月都见是留守组儿童母亲依恋、父亲依恋的积极影响因素(B值分别为9.67,10.52,P值均<0.01);与父母均分离是留守组儿童同伴信任、同伴沟通、同伴依恋的消极影响因素(B值分别为-2.66,-1.78,-4.36,P值均<0.05);留守期间隔代监护是留守组儿童父亲疏远及同伴疏远的消极影响因素(t值分别为-0.40,-0.68,P值均<0.05);分离年龄在4~5岁是留守组流动儿童同伴依恋的积极影响因素(B=5.79,P

Early left-behind experiences on attachment of migrant adolescents

Objective To explore possible impacts of early left-behind experiences on attachment of migrant adolescents.Methods A total of 763 migrant adolescents with left-behind experiences were classified as left-behind group(LBG),781 migrant adolescents without left-behind experiences were classified as non-left-behind group(NLBG).All subjects were asked to complete a questionnaire survey,attachment was assessed by Revised Version of Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (IPPA-R).Results The LBG group scored significandy lower on mother trust,mother communication,father trust,father communication and mother attachment,father attachment than that of the NLBG group(t=-5.852,-5.966,-4.258,-4.313,-7.041,-5.19,P<0.01).Also,they scored significantly lower in mother alienation,father alienation and peer alienation than that of NLBG group(t=5.616,3.313,2.593,P<0.01).The LBG group and NLBG group showed no significant differences on peer trust,peer communication and peer attachment(P>O.05).Multiple linear regression showed that,for the LBG group,age was the risk factor for mother trust,mother communication,mother attachment,father trust,father attachment,peer attachment and protective factor for mother alienation,father alienation and peer alienation.Meeting parents every month during the separation period was protective for mother and father attachment total score.Separation with parents was risk factor for peer trust,peer communication and peer attachment total score.During the separation,grandparents care was risk factor for father alienation and peer alienation.Separation with parents at the age of 4-5 years old was protective for peer attachment.Conclusion The experience of left-behind might compromise attachment with parents during adolescence.Improving parenting environment will help to promote migrant children's mental health.