广东汉族女生营养状况体脂含量与月经初潮相关性

探讨广东省青春期汉族女生营养状况、体脂含量与月经初潮发生的关系,为制定促进女生青春期性发育的政策和干预措施提供科学依据.方法 采取分层整群抽样方法,抽取广州、湛江和韶关4 782名9~ 16岁女生作为调查对象,进行问卷调查和体格发育测量,评价其营养状况,了解月经初潮情况.结果 调查对象月经初潮发生率城市地区为63.0%,农村地区为59.0%;城、乡营养不良比例分别为8.8%,12.6%,营养过剩比例分别为11.5%,7.2%.控制城乡、年龄等因素后,Logistic回归结果显示,与正常体重女生相比,营养不良女生发生月经初潮可能性较小(OR=0.32,P<0.05);另外,女生皮下脂肪积累越多,发生月经初潮的可能性越大(OR=1.03,P<0.05);睡眠时间与月经初潮的发生呈负相关(OR=0.77,P<0.05).结论 青春期女生营养状况水平、体脂含量与月经初潮的发生呈正相关,应制定相关干预措施促进女生青春期性发育.

Study on the correlation between nutritional status,body fat and the onset of menarche among Han female students in Guangdong Province

Objective To investigate the relationship among nutritional status,body fat and the onset of menarche among pubertal females in Guangdong Province,and to provide scientific basis for making policies and interventions of improving their sexual health.Methods Stratified multistage cluster sampling method was used to select 4 782 female students aged 9-16 from Guangzhou,Zhanjiang and Shaoguan,and questionnaires and physician examination were offered to them to determine whether they experienced the onset of menarche or not and assess their nutritional status.Results It was found that among the respondents aged 9 -16 years,63% pubertal females in urban and 59% in rural area had experienced the onset of menarche.8.8% and 12.6% pubertal females were diagnosed as malnutrition in urban and rural areas,respectively while 11.5% and 7.2% were overnutrition,respectively.After the relevant factors were controlled,logistic regression indicated that compared to nutritionally-normal females,malnourished female were less likely to experience menarche(OR=0.32,P<0.05),while sleeping time is positively correlated to the onset of menarche(OR=0.77,P<0.05).Moreover,the more subcutaneous fat cumulates,the more likely menarche would occur(OR =1.03,P<0.05).Conclusion Nutritional status and skinfold thickness are found to correlate positively with the onset of menarche among the pubertal female students.Therefore,the targeted interventional measures should be made to enhance their healthy sexual development.