成都大学生吸烟行为健康信念与时间洞察力的相关研究

探讨健康信念与时间洞察力对成都大学生吸烟行为的影响,为针对性控烟干预提供科学依据.方法 采用分层随机整群抽样的方法,抽取四川成都3 016名大学生作为调查对象,使用健康信念量表和未来时间洞察力问卷进行调查.结果 四川大学生吸烟率为20.9%,专科学生吸烟率最高(31.65%),男生吸烟率(35.73%)高于女生(4.48%)(x2=444.36,P<0.01).大学生健康信念总平均分为(1.74±0.46)分,不吸烟的感知到益处与感知到障碍在不同吸烟行为组别间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01).不吸烟的障碍、目的意识和未来意向是大学生吸烟行为的保护因素(OR值分别为0.596,0.814,0.444,P值均<0.01),而吸烟的感知易感性、感知严重性、不吸烟的感知到利益和远目标定向是吸烟行为的危险因素(OR值分别为1.371,1.332,2.640,1.630,P值均<0.01).结论 成都大学生吸烟情况较严峻.健康信念与未来时间洞察力对大学生吸烟行为有影响,健康知识对大学生吸烟行为有预防作用,同时应提高吸烟者的时间规划意识.

Associations of smoking behavior with health beliefs and time perspective among college students in Chengdu

Objective To explore the relationships between smoking behavior,health beliefs and time perspective among college students in Sichuan,and to provide scientific basis for smoking behavior intervention.Methods Using random cluster sampling method,3 016 college students from Chengdu of Sichuan Province were selected and implemented with Smoking Behavior Questionnaire,Smoking Health Beliefs Scale and Future Time Perspective Questionnaire.Results The prevalence of current smoking was 20.9%.Junior students (31.65%) and male students (35.73%) had high prevalence.Average score of health beliefs was (1.74±0.46).There were significant differences in perceived benefits and perceived barriers between different groups (P<0.01).Perceived barriers,future purpose consciousness and future image were protective factors for smoking behavior(OR =0.596,0.814,0.444,P<0.01),and perceived susceptibility,perceived severity,perceived benefits and far-reach goal orientation were risk factors for smoking behavior(OR =1.371,1.332,2.640,1.630,P<0.01).Conclusion Smoking is prevalent among university students,which closely relates with health beliefs and future time perspective.Health education and time management awareness promotion might help reducing onset of smoking behavior among college students