上海市非中心城区三~五年级小学生步行危险行为调查

调查上海市非中心城区三~五年级小学生步行危险行为和影响因素,为预防小学生交通伤害提供参考依据.方法 采用分层整群抽样方法,于2016年9月选取上海市非中心城区16所学校三~五年级2 756名小学生进行问卷调查.问卷内容包括人口学基本信息和步行行为情况.结果 日常出行和上下学交通方式采用步行方式的小学生分别占26.40%和31.03%.在过去30 d内,小学生的步行危险行为总发生率为67.31%.曾经有过“晚上出行未佩戴反光物件”“过马路不走人行道”“步行时使用手机”“步行闯红灯”“乱穿马路”和“横跨护栏”的小学生比例分别为50.76%,25.69%,22.15%,17.09%,16.14%和7.66%.“乱穿马路”和“横跨护栏”的发生频率均为男生高于女生,“晚上出门未佩戴反光物件”的发生频率女生高于男生;“过马路不走人行道”和“步行时使用手机”的发生频率随年级的增高而降低,但“晚上出门未佩戴反光物件”发生频率随年级的增高而增高,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05).结论 步行时使用手机已成为一个安全隐患.干预应在全面强化儿童步行安全意识的基础上,重点关注男性儿童,家长的安全意识和行为也亟待提高.

Road safety behavior among primary students in non-central business districts of Shanghai

Objective To investigate road safety behavior and associated risk factors among primary students.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 2 756 primary students in grade 3 to 5 from 16 schools located at non-central business districts of Shanghai.Questionnaire survey was carried out in September 2016 regarding demographic information and road safety behaviors.Results The proportion of walking as daily routine and walking to school was 26.40% and 31.03% respectively.In the past 30 days,the overall incidence of unsafe road behaviors was 67.31%.The proportion of "not wearing reflective clothing travel at night","not using pedestrian crossing","use of mobile phone while walking","running the red light","jaywalking" and "climbing up the safety fence" was 50.76% 25.69%,22.15%,17.09%,16.14% and 7.66% respectively.Boys was higher than girls reporting climbing up the safety fence,while girls reported higher in "not wearing reflective clothing travel at night".Reporting rates in "not using pedestrian crossing" and "walking while using mobile phone" increased with grade,but no similar trend was found in "not wearing reflective clothing travel at night".Conclusion The use of mobile phone while walking is become an emerging problem.Interventions should be carried out on the basis of comprehensive understanding current road safety behaviors among primary school students,especially among boys.The road safety awareness and related behaviors among children,as well as their parents needs to be improved.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).