安徽与河北高中生早餐状况和学习效率的关系

了解高中生早餐摄入情况和学习效率的关系,为进一步开展高中生营养健康教育和干预提供科学依据.方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法,随机抽取安徽、河北2个省份的1 138名一~三年级在校高中生进行调查.结果 每天都吃早餐的学生占调查总人数的52.20%,女生每天都吃早餐的比例(59.14%)高于男生(44.98%),差异有统计学意义(x2=22.840,P<0.01).仅有5.27%的学生早餐中包括谷类、肉类、蛋奶(豆)类、蔬菜(水果)4大类食物.家庭人均月收入是影响早餐质量的一个重要因素(Z--20.002,P<0.01).早餐摄入量最高的是谷物类(73.64%).吃早餐时间、地点、选择标准、饱腹程度均是影响学习效率的因素(P值均<0.01).结论 高中生的早餐就餐率不高、营养质量较差,学习效率与早餐质量存在关联.应多渠道加强相关的营养健康教育,促进高中生建立良好的饮食行为,从而提高学习效率.

Association between the breakfast status and learning efficiency of senior high school students

Objective To understand the association between breakfast status and the learning efficiency of senior high school students,and to further develop their nutritional health education and provide scientific evidences for intervention.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 138 senior high students in grades 1-3 who were selected by cluster sampling method in Anhui and Hebei Province.Results About 52.20% of senior high students had breakfast every day.The percentage of having breakfast among female students (59.14%) was higher than that among male students (44.98%),and there was significantly statistical difference between them (x2 =22.840,P<0.01).Only 5.27% breakfast for students included four kinds of food,namely cereal food,meat,milk and milk products,vegetables and fruit.Monthly income per capita in each family was a key factor influencing the quality of breakfast.Cereal category (73.64%) captured the highest percentage of breakfast.The time,place,standard of breakfast,eating enough for breakfast and others were all the protective factor of improving learning efficiency (P<0.01).Conclusion Low rates and poor quality of breakfast consumption are common among students in senior high school.Learning efficiency may be related to the quality of breakfast.We should strengthen the related nutritional health education in different channels,so as to establish a good eating habit and improve the learning efficiency.