上海市金山区学生使用书包主观感觉影响因素分析

从学生和家长两方面探讨影响学生使用书包主观感觉的相关因素,为培育学生正确使用书包提供可行的措施.方法 分层随机整群抽取上海市金山区5所小学999名学生及其家长纳入本研究.主观感觉指标为整体劳累感及肌肉骨骼系统(颈、肩、后背、腰)的不适,所有问卷为自行设计,问卷调查采用现场自填和观察完成.结果 自感书包重的学生发生整体劳累感及所有骨骼肌肉不适的风险均大于自感为不重学生的3倍;书包背带过长的学生发生颈、肩部、后背不适感的风险均约为书包背带适中的1.5倍.家长对学生控制书包重量指导<2次/周发生整体劳累感及所有骨骼肌肉不适的风险约为经常指导的1.5倍,家长对书包相关的健康知识得分越低学生整体劳累感的发生风险也较高.结论 学生自感书包重量和家长对学生使用书包的指导行为可影响学生使用书包的主观感觉.应减少学生书包重量,提高家长认知水平,引导孩子规范使用书包.

Associated factors of subjective feeling on backpacks among primary students

Objective To explore associated factors of subjective feeling on backpacks from students and parents.Methods Five primary schools were randomly cluster selected and all the students in one class were selected from each grade in all schools.Subjective feeling included general sense of fatigue and musculoskeletal disorder (neck,shoulder,back,and waist).Self-designed questionnaires were carried out.Results The risk of general sense of fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort among students who reported heavy backpacks was 3 times higher than the students who did not.The risk of neck,shoulder and back discomfort among students with long backpack straps was 1.5 times higher than students with moderate backpack straps.Among children with parents who seldom guided their kids to adjust backpack weight,the risk of general sense of fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort was about 1.5 times higher than those whose parents often gave advises.The risk of general fatigue was more common among students with parents of poor knowledge.Conclusion Results suggest that reducing schoolbag weight,improving parent's awareness,strengthening supervision and guidance on backpack usage would be beneficial for student's general health.