Effect of the flow field of mechanical bileaflet mitral prostheses on valve closing

Antianatomically installed Jyros (JR) and ATS valves were compared with the St. Jude Medical (SJM) valve in the mitral position to study the effects of valve design on the downstream flow field and associated closing sounds using a particle image velocimetry (PIV) method utilizing a high-speed video flow visualization technique to map the velocity field and sound measurement to confirm claims by the manufacturer. Based on the experimental data, the following general conclusions can be made: in the velocity field directly below the mitral valve, where distinct characteristic differences in valve design can be seen, symmetrical twin circulations were observed because of the divergent nature of the flow generated by the two inclined half-disks installed in the antianatomical orientation; the SJM valve, which produced central downward circulation, is contrasted to the two other valves, which produced peripheral downward circulation. These differences may play an important role in the closing behavior of the valve leaflets, thus affecting the generation of the valve closing sound.