不同类型的营养支持在重型颅脑损伤治疗中的作用

重型颅脑损伤患者由于下丘脑功能受到损伤及颅内压增高的影响,植物神经功能紊乱,病人处于严重的应激状态,表现为基础代谢率增高、蛋白质和脂肪分解增强、应激性高血糖、糖异生增加等.如不及时补充营养,过大的能量消耗及需求量,可增加死亡率和伤残率.因此,在颅脑损伤早期治疗,在原发病的同时进行积极、合理的营养支持治疗不仅可改善全身代谢状况,还能保护胃粘膜正常结构和功能,增强机体抵抗力,减少并发症的发生,改善患者预后,降低颅脑损伤的死残率.

Different Types of Nutritional Support in the Treatment of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury

Severe traumatic brain injury patients,increased intracranial pressure due to hypothalamic injury,have autonomic dysfunction,and suffer from severe stress,showing increased basal metabolic rate,protein and fat decomposition enhanced stress high blood glucose,gluconeogenesis increased.If we do not supply their diets,too much energy consumption and demand may increase the mortality and disability rates.Therefore,in early treatment of traumatic brain injury,besides treatment of the primary disease,positive,rational nutrition therapy can not only improve the general metabolic status,but also protect the gastric mucosa of normal structure and function,and enhance the body resistance,reduce complications and improve the prognosis and reduce mortality and disability rate of traumatic brain injury.