尼日利亚儿童眼部生物测量和中央角膜厚度分析

目的:评估尼日利亚儿童眼部生物特征测量和中央角膜厚度(CCT),建立参考数据库。方法:对2017-11/2018-01在我院招募的儿童进行横断面观察。采用LogMAR图表和Lea图表对不同年龄组患者的社会人口学资料、视力(VA)进行评估。对8岁及以下儿童进行麻醉检查(EUA),行瞳孔扩张前后节段检查,使用卡尺测量角膜直径(CD)。采用手持式眼压计测量眼内压(IOP),用超声角膜厚度仪测量中央角膜厚度和眼轴长度(AL)。临床检查后进行睫状肌麻痹性屈光检查。采用SPSS version 17对数据进行输入和分析,通过描述性统计得出结果,完成频率和变量交叉表(P<0.05)。结果:研究共纳入66例132眼患者,年龄3~16(平均9.13±3.70)岁,男女比例为1∶1.7。年龄集中于6~10岁(42.4%),大多数患者为小学生(54.5%)。父母的职业主要是商人/非技术工人(51.6%)和专业人员/公务员(30.3%)。平均右眼、左眼VA(LogMAR)为0.45±0.46和0.45±0.44。右、左眼角膜水平直径(HCD)平均值分别为10.5±1.6、10.37±1.45 mm。右、左眼角膜垂直直径(VCD)分别为9.7±1.2 mm和9.7±1.3 mm。右、左眼平均CCT分别为556.71±2.61μm和556.47±45.53μm。近视[23例(34.8%)],近视散光[18例(27.3%)],单纯性散光[16例(24.2%)]是最常见的屈光不正类型。CCT和HCD(P=0.739)、VA(P=0.058)和屈光不正(P=0.199)之间无显著相关性。但CCT与年龄组有轻度显著相关(P=0.055)。结论:尼日利亚儿童的CCT、IOP和CD的平均值首次为人所知。CCT与VA、CD与屈光不正之间无显著相关性,需要进一步的研究来确定结果。

Ocular biometric measurements and central corneal thickness in African pediatric population

AIM:To determine the ocular biometric measurements and central corneal thickness(CCT)in Nigerian children so as to have a reference database.METHODS:A hospital-based observational study of a cross-section of children seen consecutively between November 2017 and January 2018.The socio-demographic data of patients,visual acuity(VA)was assessed with LogMAR charts and Lea charts according to age group.Examination under anesthesia(EUA)was carried out for children eight years and below.Anterior and posterior segments examination through dilated pupil were done.Corneal diameters(CD)were assessed using calipers.Intraocular pressures(IOP)were examined using hand held tonometer,CCT and axial length(AL)were measured using the ultrasonic pachymeter.Cycloplegic refraction was carried out after clinical examination.Data were entered into and analysed using SPSS version 17 to generate results through descriptive statistics.Frequencies and cross tabulations of variables were done(P<0.05).RESULTS:Sixty-six children with 132 eyes,of ages between 3-16(mean:9.13±3.70)years were studied.Male with female ratio was 1∶1.7.The modal age group range was 6-10 years(42.4%).Most of them were primary school students 36(54.5%).The predominant parents’occupation was traders/unskilled workers(51.6%)and the professionals/civil servants(30.3%).The mean right and left VA were 0.45±0.46 and 0.45±0.44(LogMAR)respectively.The mean right and left horizontal corneal diameters(HCD)were 10.5±1.6 mm and 10.37±1.45 mm respectively.The mean right and left vertical corneal diameters(VCD)were 9.7±1.2 mm and 9.7±1.3 mm respectively.The mean right and left CCT were 556.71±2.61μm and 556.47±45.53μm respectively.Myopia 23(34.8%),myopic astigmatism 18(27.3%)and simple astigmatism 16(24.2%)were the commonest types refractive error.No significant associations were observed between CCT and HCD(P=0.739),VA(P=0.058)and refractive error(P=0.199).However,CCT slightly significantly correlated with the age groups(P=0.055).CONCLUSION:Mean values for CCT,IOP and CD are known for the first time in Nigerian children.No significant association was seen between CCT and VA,CD and refractive errors.Further studies are required to ascertain findings.