上海市金山区居民麻疹认知调查及疫苗接种意愿影响因素分析

目的:了解上海市金山区居民对于麻疹相关知识的知晓情况及其影响因素,为金山区麻疹免疫防控工作提供依据。方法:采用简单随机抽样法,通过问卷调查了解金山区成年居民麻疹相关知识知晓情况,并对自愿接种疫苗的影响因素进行分析。结果:金山区常住人口麻疹相关知识知晓总合格率为54.79%,各知识点的知晓率在21.72%~90.75%之间。小学及以下学历人群麻疹相关知识知晓合格率最低,为23.64%;本科及以上学历人群最高,为52.34%,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=19.48,P<0.05)。本市户籍人口和外来人口麻疹相关知识知晓合格率分别为42.75%和42.16%;差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.04,P>0.05)。85.63%的人愿意接种含麻疹成分疫苗,多因素logistic分析显示低学历、麻疹知识缺乏为疫苗接种意愿的危险因素(P<0.05)。结论:金山区居民麻疹相关知识知晓率较低,且存在一定比例的人群拒绝接种含麻疹成分的疫苗的现象;建议加强麻疹相关知识宣传,尤其是低学历人群,从而提高麻疹相关知识的知晓率和疫苗接种率。

A Survey of Measles Awareness and Influencing Factors of Vaccination Willingnessamong Residents in Jinshan District,Shanghai

OBJECTIVE To understand the knowledge of measles among residents in Jinshan district and the analysis of influencing factors,and to provide a basis for measles immunization prevention and control in Jinshan district.METHODS A simple random sampling method is used to understand the knowledge of measles in adult residents in Jinshan District by questionnaire,the influencing factors of voluntary vaccination were analyzed.RESULTS The total qualified rate of measles-related knowledge in the residents of Jinshan District is 54.79%,and the awareness rate of each knowledge point is between 21.72%-90.75%.The qualification rate of measles-related knowledge in the people with elementary school education and below is the lowest(23.64%);the people with undergraduate education and above is the highest(52.34%),and the difference is statistically significant(χ2=19.48,P<0.05).The qualified rates of measles-related knowledge in the registered people and migrants in this city are 42.75%and 42.16%respectively;the differences are statistically significant(χ2=0.04,P>0.05).85.63%of people are willing to receive measles-containing vaccine.Multivariate logistic analysis shows that low education and lack of measles knowledge are risk factors for willingness to vaccinate(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The awareness rate of measles-related knowledge in the residents of Jinshan District is low,and a certain percentage of the population refuses to receive measles-containing vaccines.It is recommended to strengthen the promotion of measles-related knowledge,especially for people with low educational background,so as to increase the awareness rate and vaccination rate of measles-related knowledge.