黑龙江省社区卫生服务机构生殖健康咨询服务能力调查

目的:了解黑龙江省社区卫生服务机构生殖健康咨询服务能力现状,为黑龙江省有针对性地提高生殖健康咨询服务的可及性和有效性提供参考建议。方法:2020年7—9月采取随机抽样方法在黑龙江省抽取7个地市,每个地市随机选取2所社区卫生服务机构,对生殖健康服务相关医务人员开展问卷调查。结果:对301份有效问卷进行统计学分析,调查对象生殖健康服务相关知识正确率最高的为健康促进知识(28.2%)。调查对象生殖健康咨询服务培训率为26.6%。可以提供的生殖健康咨询服务第1位是避孕节育咨询(93.4%)。调查对象的咨询概念化能力评分均值为(30.79±13.62)分,咨询实践操作能力均值为(48.99±19.00)分,总分均值为(79.78±31.72)分。统计分析发现,生殖健康咨询能力与年龄、工作岗位、是否获得生殖健康咨询员/咨询师资格和是否接受生殖健康咨询服务培训等有关,进一步分析发现,后两个变量是咨询能力自我评估得分的主要影响因素(P<0.05)。调查对象最希望得到的工作支持为医院领导对相关科室的协调(94.0%)。结论:黑龙江省社区卫生服务机构生殖健康服务人员相关知识较为薄弱,咨询概念化能力及咨询实践操作能力有待提高。应加强基层社区卫生服务机构相关人员培训,促进生殖健康咨询服务职业化、专业化发展,提升生殖健康咨询服务供给水平。

Survey on the Capacity of Reproductive Health Counselling Services in Community Health Services in Heilongjiang Province

OBJECTIVE To understand the current situation of the capacity of reproductive health consultation services in community health service institutions in Heilongjiang Province, and to provide suggestions for improving the accessibility and effectiveness of reproductive health consultation services in Heilongjiang Province in a targeted manner. METHODS A random sampling method was used to select 7 municipalities in Heilongjiang Province from July to September 2020, and 2 community health service institutions were randomly selected in each municipality to conduct a questionnaire survey on medical personnel related to reproductive health services. RESULTS Statistical analysis of the 301 valid questionnaires showed that the highest to lowest correct knowledge of reproductive health services were knowledge of health promotion (28.2%), family planning/eugenics (27.6%) and sexually transmitted diseases (18.3%). The training rate for reproductive health counselling services among the survey respondents was 26.6%. The top 3 reproductive health counselling services available were contraceptive and birth control counselling (93.4%), pregnancy and puerperal care counselling (92.4%) and eugenic counselling (91.4%). The mean score for conceptualization of counselling competency was 30.79±13.62, the mean score for practical counselling competency was 48.99±19.00, and the mean score for the total score was 79.78±31.72. The t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to find that competence in reproductive health counselling was associated with age, job position, whether one was qualified as a junior/senior reproductive health consultant, and whether one had received training in reproductive health counselling services. Further multiple linear regression analysis revealed that the latter two variables were the main influencing factors on the self-assessment score of counselling competence (P<0.05). The top 3 job support desired by the survey respondents were coordination of relevant departments by hospital leaders (94.0%), provision of relevant teaching and counselling materials (92.7%), and introduction of standards for the construction of reproductive health counselling services (92.4%). CONCLUSION The reproductive health service knowledge of personnel in community health service institutions in Heilongjiang Province was weak, and the ability to conceptualize counselling and the practical operation of counselling needed to be improved. It needed to strengthen the training of relevant personnel in grassroots community health service institutions, promote the professionalization and specialization of reproductive health counselling services, and enhance the level of supply of reproductive health counselling services.