102株呼吸道嗜血杆菌的分离及耐药性分析

目的 :了解嗜血杆菌的分离、鉴定及其 β -内酰胺酶的产生和耐药性。方法 :采用专用嗜血杆菌分离培养基 (HAE)分离细菌 ,在血琼脂平板和M -H平板上做卫星试验对分离出的细菌进行鉴定 ,采用K -B法进行药敏试验。结果 :在 72 6份痰及咽拭子标本中 ,分离出 10 2株嗜血杆菌 ,分离率为 14 .0 % ;嗜血杆菌 β -内酰胺酶的产生率为14 .7% ;流感嗜血杆菌和副流感嗜血杆菌对氨苄西林的耐药率分别为 5 0 .0 %和 4 0 .0 % ,对复方新诺明的耐药率分别为 79.0 %和 82 .5 % ,对环丙沙星的耐药率分别为 6 9.4 %和 75 .0 % ,而对阿奇霉素、氨曲南、二代和三代头孢菌素的敏感率均高于 90 %。结论 :痰和咽拭子标本中嗜血杆菌的分离率无明显区别 ,分离出的嗜血杆菌主要以流感嗜血杆菌为主 ,对阿奇霉素、氨曲南、二代和三代头孢菌素的敏感性要高于其它抗生素 ,可作为首选治疗用药

Isolation and drug resistance analysis of 102 strains of Haemophilus from respiratory tract infection

Objective To investigate the isolation, identification and susceptibility of Haemophilus, and the produce rate of β-Lactamases. Methods Haemophilus isolated by a special Haemophilus culture medium(HAE) was identified by satellitism in sheep blood agar and Mueller-Hinton agar. The K B method was used to determine the susceptibility. Results One hundred and two strains of Haemophilus were isolated from 726 sputum or throat swab specimens and the rate was 14.0%. The prevalence of β-Lactamases in Haemophilus was 14.7%. The percentages of resistance of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae to ampicillin were 50.0% and 40.0%,trimethoprim sulfamethoxazole 79.0% and 82.5%, and ciprofloxacin 69.4% and 75.0% respectively,but the rate of susceptibility of Haemophilus to azithromycin, aztreonam, and the second and third generation cephalosporins was over 90%. Conclusion The rate of isolation of Haemophilus in the sputum swab was not obviously different form that in the throat swab. Haemophilus influenzae were the major form of respiratory tract infection. Azithromycin, aztreonam, and the second and third generation cephalosporins still have the excellent activity to the strains and can be used chiefly.