Peritoneal dialysis in infants and young children

Although end-stage renal disease is rare in infants and young children, its development can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality and only through the provision of experienced, multidisciplinary care can a favorable outcome be anticipated. Peritoneal dialysis is the renal replacement modality of choice for this age group and serves as an essential bridge until successful renal transplantation can occur. In this review, we discuss the practice of peritoneal dialysis in infants including the unique ethical and technical considerations facing pediatric nephrologists and caregivers. In addition, we review current guidelines concerning nutrition, growth, and adequacy, as well as the literature on complications and outcomes.