Pantethine, a derivative of vitamin B5 used as a nutritional supplement, favorably alters low-density lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism in low- to moderate-cardiovascular risk North American subjects: a triple-blinded placebo and diet-controlled investigation |
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Authors: | John A Rumberger Joseph NapolitanoIsao Azumano Toshikazu KamiyaMalkanthi Evans |
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Institution: | a The Princeton Longevity Center, Princeton, NJ 08540, USAb Independent Consultant, Allentown, PA 18104, USAc Daiichi Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., Toyama 933-8511, Japand Kyowa Hakko USA, New York, NY 10016, USAe KGK Synergize, London, Ontario N6A 5R8, Canada |
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Abstract: | Safety and efficacy of a biologically active derivative of vitamin B5 (pantethine) on total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) metabolism was studied in North American subjects at conventional low to moderate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. A total of 120 subjects initiated a therapeutic lifestyle change (TLC) diet 4 weeks before randomization (baseline) and maintained the diet throughout a 16-week study period; at baseline, subjects were randomized in a triple-blinded manner to either pantethine (600 mg/d, baseline to week 8, and 900 mg/d, weeks 9-16) or identically labeled, nonbiologically active placebo (n = 60 per group). We hypothesized that pantethine would lower TC and low-density lipoprotein in low-CVD-risk North American subjects in a similar manner as reported in high-CVD-risk subjects studied mainly in Italy and Japan. While sustaining a TLC diet and in comparison with placebo, pantethine demonstrated significant (P < .005) and sustained reductions (from baseline to week 16) in TC (6 mg/dL, 0.16 mmol/L, 3%), LDL-C (4 mg/dL, 0.10 mmol/L, 4%), and apolipoprotein B (4 mg/dL, 0.04 g/L, 5%). Our data suggest that pantethine supplementation for 16 weeks (600 mg/d for weeks 1-8 then 900 mg/d for weeks 9-16) is safe and significantly lowers TC and LDL-C over and above the effect of TLC diet alone. Although the absolute magnitude of these effects was small in these low- to moderate-risk North Americans (4-6 mg/dL), the results are noteworthy as prior studies have shown that, for each 1 mg/dL (0.026 mmol/L) reduction in LDL-C, there is a concomitant 1% reduction in overall future CVD risk. |
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Keywords: | AE adverse event ALT alanine aminotransferase Apo-B apolipoprotein B ATP Adult Treatment Panel AST aspartate aminotransferase CK creatine kinase CoQ10 coenzyme Q10 CVD cardiovascular disease FRS Framingham Risk Score HDL high-density lipoprotein HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol TC total cholesterol TG triglycerides |
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