椒目仁油与5种食用油中5种脂肪酸的含量比较

目的:建立测定椒目仁油与紫苏油、花生油、菜籽油、大豆油、山茶油中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸与α-亚麻酸含量的方法,并对上述6种植物油中5种脂肪酸的含量进行比较。方法:采用十四酸作为内标,先甲酯化脂肪酸,再用气相色谱法测定5种脂肪酸的含量。色谱柱为涂布浓度15%丁二酸二乙二醇聚酯的不锈钢填充柱(2000mm×3mm),柱温为180℃,进样口温度为300℃,检测器为氢火焰离子化检测器,检测器温度为320℃,载气为高纯氮,流量为40mL·min-1,不分流进样。结果:6种植物油中棕榈酸、硬脂酸、油酸、亚油酸、α-亚麻酸及总的不饱和脂肪酸含量,椒目仁油中分别为10.79%、2.93%、19.36%、27.73%、31.61%、78.70%,紫苏油中分别为7.74%、4.29%、17.04%、10.34%、58.64%、86.02%,花生油中分别为4.10%、3.59%、41.92%、32.21%、0.24%、74.37%,菜籽油中分别为2.52%、1.51%、22.88%、41.76%、8.03%、72.67%,大豆油中分别为13.84%、4.98%、19.32%、45.12%、6.28%、70.72%,山茶油中分别为5.17%、3.75%、37.46%、3.82%、0.26%、41.54%。结论:椒目仁油与其余几种油比较具有不饱和脂肪酸含量高、来源丰富、制作简单、价格便宜等优点,可以作为补充脂肪酸的来源。

Comparison of the Contents of 5 Fatty Acids in the Seed Oil of Zanthoxylum bungeanum vs. 5 kinds of Edible Oil

OBJECTIVE： To establish the method for the content determination of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid and α-linolenic acid in seed oil of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and perilla oil, peanut oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil and camellia oil, and to compare the contents of 5 fatty acids in 6 kinds of plant oil. METHODS： Using tetradeconic acid as internal standard, the contents of 5 fatty acids were determined after methanol-esterified. RESULTS： The contents of palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid,α-linolenic acid, total content of unsaturated fatty acids were 10.79%, 2.93%,19.36%, 27.73%, 31.61% and 78.70% in seed oil of the Z. bungeanum, and 7.74%,4.29%,17.04%, 10.34%, 58.64% and 86.02% of perilla oil, and 4.10%,3.59%,41.92%,32.21%,0.24% and 74.37% of peanut oil, and 2.52%, 1.51%,22.88%, 41.76%, 8.03% and 72.67% of rapeseed oil, 13.84%,4.98%,19.32%,45.12%,6.28% and 70.72% of soybean oil, and 5.17%, 3.75%,37.46%, 3.82%, 0.26% and 41.54% of camellia oil, respectively. The determination was performed on 15% DEGS stainless steel column（2 000 mm×3 mm）with column temperature of 180 ℃. The temperature of injector was 300 ℃.FID detector was used with temperature of 320 ℃ at the flew rate of 40 mL·min-1 using pure nitrogen as carrier gas with spliteless sampling. CONCLUSION： Compared with other oil, the seed oil of Z. bungeanum is of higher content of unsaturated fatty acids, richer resource, easy to operate, cheaper price, etc. So it can be used as a supplement source of fatty acid to body.