短串联重复序列HumFGA、D3S1359的法医学应用研究

对短串联重复序列（short tandem repeats，STR）的两个高多态位点HumFGA(human alpha fibrinogen，人类α-纤维蛋白原基因)、D3S1359的法医学应用进行研究，并通过实际检测案件统计结果进行评估。实验结果表明：两位点灵敏度高，分别为0.2、0.5ngDNA；同一性和可重复性均较理想；种属特异性好，常见动物未发现扩增产物，仅灵长类动物（黑叶猴和猕猴）有扩增条带；复合扩增体系效果良好；在352次减数分裂中，D3S1359未发现突变，HumFGA检测到1次，突变率为0.28％；实际案件统计和应用结果也显示两位点是多态性高，实用性强的两个遗传标记系统。HumFGA和D3S1359在法医学个人识别与亲子鉴定案例中有较大应用价值。

Application of STR Loci HumFGA and D3S1359 in Forensic Medicine

The application of two complex short tandem repeats (STR) loci human alpha fibrinogen (HumFGA) and D3S1359 in forensic medicine was investigated. The experiments included the sensitivity, the species specificity, the typing of the same sample on different carrier and the different organs in the same individuals, the typing of the stains preserved for years and the varied biological samples, the co amplification, the mutation rate and the reliability in paternity testing and identification cases. Results showed that the sensitivity of HumFGA and D3S1359 was 0.2 ng and 0.5 ng respectively. The identity and repeatability of the two loci were perfect. The results of species specificity were also satisfactory. The amplified bands were not found in general animals, but only in Primates (four Macaca mulatta and one Presbytis francoisi). Only one mutation occurred in 352 meiosis in HumFGA (0 28 %) and none observed in D3S1359. Co amplification systems were set up for the two loci with HumCSF1PO (150-182 bp) and Amelogenin (106, 112 bp) respectively in this study. The statistical results of personal identification and paternity cases revealed that they were suitable for practical cases. It is concluded that both HumFGA and D3S1359 loci are of high heterozygosity, high sensitivity, high species specificity and they are useful tools in the forensic practice.