坐位作业肌肉骨骼损伤的流行病学调查

为了研究坐位作业与肌肉骨骼损伤的关系，采用流行病学调查方法，以电子行业２４８６名坐位作业工人作为观察组，２１４１名非固定体位工人为对照组进行了健康调查。结果表明，坐位作业工人颈、肩、腕和腰等部位肌肉骨骼损伤的患病率均明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１），工人中肌肉骨骼损伤的患病率随工龄增加而增加并明显高于对照组。体检发现坐位作业工人关节活动受限、压痛点压痛阳性、颈部挤压试验等阳性率均高于相应对照组（Ｐ＜０．０１）。结合作业环境和作业特点分析提示长期固定坐姿、不良人机界面以及反复用力都是引起损伤的危险因素。

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON MUSCULOSKELETAL INJURY IN SEDENTARY WORKERS

In order to analysis the relationship between musculoskeletal injury(MSI) and sitting posture, epidemiological investigation on 2 486 sedentary workers who worked in electronics industry and 2141 contrlos were selected in this study. The results showed that the prevalence of MSI of neck,shoulder,wrist and low back were higher than those of controls (P<0 01) and increased with work time of service.The positive rates of some physical signs,such as joint activity limit,pressure pain point,neck's pressure test,Tinel's test,Thomas sign in sedentary groups were higher than that of control group(P<0 01). It indicated that prolonged sitting posture,poor man-machine system and repetitive exertion were risk factors of MSI.