重症监护病房医院感染监测分析和对策

目的 分析重症监护病房(ICU)医院感染的高危因素,以采取有效的控制措施.方法 入住ICU＞48h的620例患者,进行前瞻性监测与回顾性调查相结合方法分析其医院感染情况及其高危因素.结果 94例患者发生医院感染,感染率为15.2%,感染例次147次,例次感染率23.7%.感染部位主要是下呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道.主要病原菌是金黄色葡萄球菌、真菌、铜绿假胞菌、肺炎克雷伯菌.结论 严重基础病、侵入性操作是医院感染的主要危险因素.ICU环境合理布局、加强病房管理和消毒、灭菌、隔离工作,是控制ICU医院感染爆发流行的有效措施.

The Analysis on the Nosocomial Infections and Related Countermeasures in ICU

Objective: To analyze the high factors of the nosocomial infection in ICU in order to carry out effective countermeasures. Methods: The factors of nasocomial infection of 620 cases hospitalized in ICU more than 48h were analyzed by prospectively monitoring and retrospectively surveying. Results: 94 cases were infected accounting for 15.2%, and the number of infection times were 147 accounting for 23.7%. The main infection sites were the lower respiratory tract, the urinary tract, the gastrointestinal tract. The main pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus, Fungus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsie pneumoniae. Conclusions: Severe chronic disease and invasive procedure.The rational distribution of ICU,the enforced management of the the ward and the disinfection?sterilization and isolation are the effective countermeasures against the epidemic outbreak of the nosocomial infection.