Aging, aluminium and basal forebrain lesions modify substrate kinetics of erythrocyte membrane Na,K-ATPase in the rat

Several studies suggested that the activity of erythrocyte Na,K-ATPase declines with aging. Here, it is postulated that alterations in the substrate kinetics of the erythrocyte membrane Na,K-ATPase could be more aggravated in conditions of brain cholinergic dysfunction seen in Alzheimer's disease than in normal aging. To test this hypothesis, we compared the Na,K-ATPase activity (Vmax/Km parameters) in aged rats with those in young rats with brain cholinergic dysfunction induced by electrolytic-, kainic acid-lesioned nucleus basalis magnocellularis (NBM) or by intracerebroventricular AlCl_{3} administration. In the above mentioned groups, Vmax values were significantly lower in comparison to the control animals. Furthermore, Km values were significantly higher in animals with electrolytic-induced NBM lesions, AlCl_{3} treated rats and aged animals. However, Km was significantly lower in kainic acid-induced NBM lesions compared to the control group. The Na,K-ATPase catalytic efficiency, estimated by the ratio Vm/Km, decreased as followed: young animals > aged animals > kainic acid lesion > electrolityc lesion > AlCl_{3}. Our data suggest that neurodegenerative processes similar to those seen in Alzheimer's disease affect the sodium/potassium pump functionality which might be detected in peripheral blood erythrocyte membranes.