妇科门诊阴道炎病原体分布及其影响因素分析

目的了解妇科门诊患者阴道炎发病情况及其相关因素。方法回顾性分析2002年1月-2005年12月172748例妇科门诊患者的阴道分泌物检查结果，并对相关资料进行统计分析。结果共检出阴道炎患者44541例（25．78％），其中外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病33473例（19．38％），细菌性阴道病7738例（4．48％），滴虫阴道炎3330例（1．93％），前者检出率明显高于后二者（P〈0．05）。外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病检出率逐年下降（P〈0．05）；秋冬季检出率明显高于春夏季（P〈0．05）；〈20岁组、20～49岁组的检出率均明显高于≥50岁组（P〈0．05）。细菌性阴道病检出率逐年上升（P〈0．05）；春季检出率明显低于其他三季（P〈0．05）；〈20岁组、20-49岁组检出率均明显高于≥50岁组（P〈0．05）。滴虫阴道炎检出率逐年下降（P〈0．05）；春季检出率明显高于其他三季（P〈0．05）；≥50岁组检出率明显高于〈20岁组、20-49岁组（P〈0．05）。结论外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病是最常见的阴道炎；各类阴道炎多好发于生育期年龄；阴道炎的发病与季节有关。

Pathogenic distribution and influence factors of vaginitis in patients in the outpatient department of gynecology

Objective To investigate the occurrence and related factors of vaginitis in patients in the outpatient department of gynecology. Methods The examination results of vaginal secretion in 172 748 outpatients between January 2002 and December 2005 were analysed retrospectively, and related data were analysed statistically. Results A total of 44 541 cases （25. 78% ） of vaginitis were confirmed, 33 473 （19.38%） of whom were vulvovaginal candidiasis, 7 738 （4. 48 %） were bacterial vaginosis, 3 330 （1.93 %） were trichomonal vaginitis, the detection rate of vulvovaginal candidiasis was obviously higher than that of bacterial vaginosis and trichomonal vaginitis （P〈0. 05）. Detection rate of vulvovaginal candidiasis deceased year by year（P〈0. 05）, while in autumn and winter was obviously higher than that in spring and summer（P〈0. 05）. Detection rate of bacterial vaginosis increased year by year（P〈0. 05）, and the lowest was in spring of a year（P〈0. 05）, the age distribution of vulvovaginal candidiasis and bacterial vaginosis were both higher in patients 〈20 and 20-49 years old than that in patients 〈50 years old（both P〈0. 05）. Detection rate of trichomonal vaginitis decreased year by year （P 〈0. 05）, and the highest was in spring of a year （P 〈 0. 05）, the age distribution of trichomonal vaginitis was higher in patients ≥50 years old than that in patients 〈20 and 20-50 years old（P〈0. 05）. Conclusion The incidence of vulvovaginal candidiasis is the highest in the vaginitis, vaginitis is prevalent in the child-bearing age of women, the occurrence of vaginitis is related with change of season.