从胆道内镜角度分析和认识原位肝移植后的胆遭并发症

背景:胆道并发症是肝移植后患者常见的死亡原因,胆道内镜微创技术正逐步成为解决原位肝移植后胆道并发症的重要手段.目的:分析文献中关于肝移植后胆道并发症的阐述和论证,明确胆道内镜在胆管铸型并发症中的地位和作用.方法:以orthotopic liver transplantation, biliary complications, Biliary tract, endoscope technique 为检索词,检索Pubmed数据库(1980-01/2008-10);以肝移植,胆道并发症,胆管铸型,胆道镜为检索词,检索维普咨询数据库(1994/2009-01)、CNKI数据库(1994/2009-01).文献检索语种限制为英文和中文.纳入肝移植后胆管损伤导致胆管并发症相关的内容.排除肝移植胆道并发症以外的研究.结果与结论:计算机初检得到52篇文献,根据纳入排除标准,对30篇进行分析.胆道并发症是肝移植后患者常见死亡原因,由于早期识别困难及处理棘手,正越来越受到重视.治疗性ERCP和胆道镜技术,成为解决移植后胆道并发症的重要手段和首选方法.

Analysis on biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation using biliary tract endoscopy

BACKGROUND: Biliary complications are a common cause of death in patients after liver transplantation, biliary endoscopic minimally invasive technique is gradually becoming an important tool to solve biliary complications following orthotopic liver transplantation.OBJECTIVE: To analyze the literatures on the biliary tract complications after liver transplantation, and to demonstrate a clear role of bile duct endoscopy in biliary complications.METHODS: Using "orthotopic liver transplantation, biliary complications, biliary tract, endoscope technique" in English for the search term, Pubmed database were searched between January 1980 and October 2008; Using "liver transplantation, biliary complications, bile duct cast, cholangioscopy" in Chinese for the search term, Vip Chinese Periodical Database and CNKI database were searched between 1994 and January 2009. Literature language was limited to English and Chinese. The studies related to bile duct injury-caused biliary complications after liver transplantation were included, while other research unrelated to biliary complications after liver transplantation were excluded.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 52 literatures were screened out by the primary computer inspection, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 30 ones were involved for analysis. Biliary complications and vascular complications are considered as a common cause of death in patients after liver transplantation, particularly in biliary complications has become the major reason limiting the development of liver transplantation. Because of the difficulties on early recognition and treatment, the importance of the treatment for the complications in liver transplant patients is increasingly attracting more and more attention. Endoscopic operation technology and their subsidiary parts are improving, particularly therapeutic endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and biliary mirror technology are developing and continuously improving, biliary endoscopic minimally invasive technique is gradually becoming a major approach to solve biliary complications after orthotopic liver transplantation, The minimally invasive endoscopic diagnosis and treatment is an intuitive, reliable and credible means for the biliary complications after liver transplantation, serving as the most preferred method for diagnosing and treating biliary complications after liver transplantation.